{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:03:00Z","timestamp":1760241780843,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]],"date-time":"2018-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004885","name":"Ume\u00e5 Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VLL-133211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VLL-133211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004885","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002960","name":"V\u00e4sterbotten L\u00e4ns Landsting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VLL-133211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VLL-133211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002960","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inflammation and infection postpartum threaten the mother and her infant. Human milk provides a defense for the infant, but inflammatory complications like mastitis may lead to the cessation of breastfeeding. Antisecretory factor (AF) has a role in the regulation of secretory processes and inflammation. The objective of the study was to describe AF-levels in plasma and breast milk, and in relation to breast complications. Breastfeeding mothers (n = 95) were consecutively recruited at a Well Baby Clinic in Ume\u00e5, Sweden. At inclusion four weeks postpartum, samples of venous blood (10 mL) and breast milk (10 mL) were collected. Active AF was analyzed with ELISA using a monoclonal antibody mAb43, and was detected in all samples of plasma and breast milk with a positive correlation (Spearman coefficient = 0.40, p &lt; 0.001; Pearson correlation = 0.34, p &lt; 0.01). High AF-levels in plasma correlated with high AF-levels in breast milk. The results suggest a co-regulation between active AF in plasma and breastmilk, and\/or a local regulation of AF in the breast. Further studies are needed to determine the pathways for the activation of AF-levels in breast milk and plasma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10091227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,5]],"date-time":"2018-09-05T03:08:55Z","timestamp":1536116935000},"page":"1227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Antisecretory Factor in Plasma and Breast Milk in Breastfeeding Mothers\u2014A Prospective Cohort Study in Sweden"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4451-4252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Gustafsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Granstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Pediatric dentistry, Ume\u00e5 university, SE 901 87 Ume\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Stecks\u00e9n-Blicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Pediatric dentistry, Ume\u00e5 university, SE 901 87 Ume\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina E.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Ume\u00e5 University, SE 901 87 Ume\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven-Arne","family":"Silfverdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Ume\u00e5 University, SE 901 87 Ume\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60074-4","article-title":"Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth","volume":"371","author":"Goldenberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-10-S1-S2","article-title":"Born too soon: The global epidemiology of 15 million preterm births","volume":"10","author":"Blencowe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod. 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