{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T16:32:41Z","timestamp":1784305961692,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,12]],"date-time":"2018-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center Pediatric Research Grant","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin A is an essential nutrient in pregnancy, and other carotenoids have been independently associated with maternal-infant outcomes. The objective of this study was to quantify the status of vitamin A and carotenoids in Nigerian maternal-infant pairs at delivery, compare these to a cohort from a developed nation, and determine the impact on clinical outcomes. Maternal and cord blood samples were collected in 99 Nigerian mother-infant pairs. Concentrations of lutein + zeaxanthin, \u03b2-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, \u03b1- and \u03b2-carotenes, and retinol were measured using HPLC. Descriptive statistics were calculated and Spearman coefficients were used to assess correlations between maternal and cord measurements; Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare median plasma values between dichotomous variables. Linear regression models were used to adjust for relevant confounders. A p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Thirty-five percent of mothers had plasma retinol concentrations \u22640.70 \u00b5mol\/L; 82% of infants had plasma retinol concentrations \u22640.70 \u00b5mol\/L at delivery. Maternal and infant concentrations of vitamin A compounds were highly correlated and were associated with newborn growth and Apgar scores. Despite plasma concentrations of pro-vitamin A carotenoids higher than those reported in other populations, pregnant Nigerian women have a high prevalence of vitamin A deficiency. As vitamin A related compounds are modifiable by diet, future research determining the clinical impact of these compounds is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10091286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,12]],"date-time":"2018-09-12T10:26:36Z","timestamp":1536747996000},"page":"1286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Status of Retinoids and Carotenoids and Associations with Clinical Outcomes in Maternal-Infant Pairs in Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Corrine","family":"Hanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Allied Health Professions Medical Nutrition Education, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Lyden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Anderson-Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics 981205 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Kocmich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics 981205 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Rezac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics 981205 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirley","family":"Delair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics 981205 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5258-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy","family":"Furtado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1541-0155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Van Ormer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics 981205 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Izevbigie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada-Zuba, Gwagwalada P.M.B. 228, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EK","family":"Olateju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada-Zuba, Gwagwalada P.M.B. 228, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godwin O.","family":"Akaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada-Zuba, Gwagwalada P.M.B. 228, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EA","family":"Anigilaje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada-Zuba, Gwagwalada P.M.B. 228, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahiru","family":"Yunusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada-Zuba, Gwagwalada P.M.B. 228, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Obaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics 981205 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-1205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.5.1325s","article-title":"Vitamin A in pregnancy: Requirements and safety limits","volume":"71","author":"Pascal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. 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