{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:08:22Z","timestamp":1792022902730,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As the number of subjects choosing vegan diets increases, healthcare providers must be prepared to give the best advice to vegan patients during all stages of life. A completely plant-based diet is suitable during pregnancy, lactation, infancy, and childhood, provided that it is well-planned. Balanced vegan diets meet energy requirements on a wide variety of plant foods and pay attention to some nutrients that may be critical, such as protein, fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc, iodine, calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin B12. This paper contains recommendations made by a panel of experts from the Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition (SSNV) after examining the available literature concerning vegan diets during pregnancy, breastfeeding, infancy, and childhood. All healthcare professionals should follow an approach based on the available evidence in regard to the issue of vegan diets, as failing to do so may compromise the nutritional status of vegan patients in these delicate periods of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11010005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T12:54:36Z","timestamp":1545310476000},"page":"5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Vegan Nutrition for Mothers and Children: Practical Tools for Healthcare Providers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5263-6084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana","family":"Baroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Goggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"},{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Humanitas San Pio X, Via Francesco Nava 31, 20159 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roseila","family":"Battaglino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"},{"name":"Neonatology and Pediatric Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Berveglieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Fasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"},{"name":"Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Woman\u2019s and Child\u2019s Health, Padua University Hospital, via Orus 2\/B, 35129 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Filippin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5540-0621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Tomasini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Alessandra","family":"Tosatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Scientific Committee, Via Verdi 10\/9, 30171 Mestre (VE), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7250-1782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio Antonio","family":"Battino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo Campus, 36310 Vigo, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, Via Ranieri 65, 60100 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2016.09.025","article-title":"Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Vegetarian Diets","volume":"116","author":"Melina","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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