{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:45:53Z","timestamp":1790952353567,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,25]],"date-time":"2018-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["104-2314-B-182A-114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["104-2314-B-182A-114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan","award":["CMRPG 3E2002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG 3E2002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autophagy impairment has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and could be a new target of treatment. Trehalose is a natural, nonreducing disaccharide that has been shown to enhance autophagy. Therefore, we investigated whether trehalose treatment reduces renal cyst formation in a Pkd1-hypomorphic mouse model. Pkd1 miRNA transgenic (Pkd1 miR Tg) mice and wild-type littermates were given drinking water supplemented with 2% trehalose from postnatal day 35 to postnatal day 91. The control groups received pure water or 2% sucrose for the control of hyperosmolarity. The effect on kidney weights, cystic indices, renal function, cell proliferation, and autophagic activities was determined. We found that Pkd1 miR Tg mice had a significantly lower renal mRNA expression of autophagy-related genes, including atg5, atg12, ulk1, beclin1, and p62, compared with wild-type control mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis showed that cystic lining cells had strong positive staining for the p62 protein, indicating impaired degradation of the protein by the autophagy-lysosome pathway. However, trehalose treatment did not improve reduced autophagy activities, nor did it reduce relative kidney weights, plasma blood urea nitrogen levels, or cystatin C levels in Pkd1 miR Tg mice. Histomorphological analysis revealed no significant differences in the renal cyst index, fibrosis score, or proliferative score among trehalose-, sucrose-, and water-treated groups. Our results demonstrate that adding trehalose to drinking water does not modulate autophagy activities and renal cystogenesis in Pkd1-deficient mice, suggesting that an oral supplement of trehalose may not affect the progression of ADPKD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11010042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,26]],"date-time":"2018-12-26T04:29:54Z","timestamp":1545798594000},"page":"42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Effect of Trehalose Supplementation on Autophagy and Cystogenesis in a Mouse Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Li-Fang","family":"Chou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Lien","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Yih","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan-Yu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huang-Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yung-Chang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Chieh","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Chung","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8899-0376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Yang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1002\/wdev.152","article-title":"Kidney: Polycystic kidney disease","volume":"3","author":"Paul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wiley. 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