{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T20:57:18Z","timestamp":1785877038697,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]],"date-time":"2019-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003176","name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FPU 17\/01925"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU 17\/01925"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003176","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI16\/00501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI16\/00501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI13\/00462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI13\/00462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI10\/01407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI10\/01407"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RD06\/0045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RD06\/0045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. Lifestyle is recognized as a key factor in the development of metabolic disorders and CVD. Recently, eating speed has been of particular interest since some studies have associated it with the development of obesity and other cardiometabolic disorders. We aimed to assess the association between eating speed and various cardiovascular risk factors. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis within the framework of the PREDIMED (Prevenci\u00f3n con Dieta Mediterr\u00e1nea) study with 792 participants from the Reus-Tarragona center. Eating speed was self-reported according to participant perception and categorized as slow, medium, or fast. The association between eating speed and cardiovascular risk factors was assessed using Cox regression models with constant time of follow-up for all individuals. Compared to participants in the slow eating speed category, those in the faster eating speed category were 59% more likely to have the hypertriglyceridemia component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) (Hazard Ratio, (HR) 1.59; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.16\u20132.17), even after adjustment for potential confounders (HR 1.47; 95% CI 1.08\u20132.02). No other significant differences were observed. Eating speed was positively associated with the prevalence of the hypertriglyceridemia component of the MetS in a senior population at high cardiovascular risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11010083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]],"date-time":"2019-01-04T11:34:26Z","timestamp":1546601666000},"page":"83","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Association between Eating Speed and Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3204-6877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Indira","family":"Paz-Graniel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria Pere i Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitati Sant Joan de Reus, Reus 43201, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3527-5277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy","family":"Babio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria Pere i Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitati Sant Joan de Reus, Reus 43201, Spain"},{"name":"Consorcio CIBER, M.P. (CIBEROBN), Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y la Nutrici\u00f3n, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Mendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria Pere i Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitati Sant Joan de Reus, Reus 43201, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2700-7459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Salas-Salvad\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria Pere i Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitati Sant Joan de Reus, Reus 43201, Spain"},{"name":"Consorcio CIBER, M.P. (CIBEROBN), Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y la Nutrici\u00f3n, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: An American Heart Association\/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement","volume":"112","author":"Grundy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2751","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.11.2751","article-title":"AHA Dietary Guidelines: Revision 2000: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association","volume":"31","author":"Krauss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.081745","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis examining the effect of eating rate on energy intake and hunger 1\u20133","volume":"100","author":"Robinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. 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Nutr."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/11\/1\/83\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:23:27Z","timestamp":1760185407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/11\/1\/83"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["nu11010083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu11010083","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]]}}}