{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T18:41:16Z","timestamp":1775932876266,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology , Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["BT\/IN\/DENMARK\/06\/SSN\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/IN\/DENMARK\/06\/SSN\/2015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We assessed improvements in the vitamin B12 status of Indian lactovegetarians receiving four weeks supplementation with natural B12 in milk versus cyano-B12 in capsules. Three groups (n = 22, 23, 22) received daily oral doses of cyano-B12 (2 \u00d7 0.76 \u00b5g) or milk (2 \u00d7 200 mL) from a cow or buffalo (amounting to B12 \u2248 2 \u00d7 0.76 \u00b5g). Their blood was examined at baseline and each following week. The baselines (median (min\/max)) indicated a low B12 status: plasma B12 (116(51\/314)) pmol\/L, holotranscobalamin (holoTC) (30(7\/119)) pmol\/L, total homocysteine (Hcy) (24(10\/118)) \u00b5mol\/L, methylmalonic acid (MMA) (0.58(0.15\/2.2)) \u00b5mol\/L and combined B12 index (cB12) (\u22121.32 \u2212 (\u22123.12\/+0.29)). Shifts from the baselines (B12, holoTC, cB12) and ratios to the baselines (Hcy, MMA) were analyzed over time. The cyano-B12 treatment gave more total B12 in plasma at week one (+29 pmol\/L, p = 0.004) but showed no further increase. Other biomarkers changed more comparably between the three groups (p \u2265 0.05): holoTC showed a transient spike that leveled off, Hcy finally decreased to 0.8 \u00d7 baseline, while MMA showed marginal changes. The combined indexes improved comparably (p = 0.6) in all groups (+0.2(\u22120.3\/+0.9), p \u2264 0.002). In conclusion, the tested formulations similarly improved B12 status, but did not normalize it.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11020304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T03:08:05Z","timestamp":1548990485000},"page":"304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparative Bioavailability of Synthetic B12 and Dietary Vitamin B12 Present in Cow and Buffalo Milk: A Prospective Study in Lactovegetarian Indians"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Namita","family":"Mahalle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Center, Pune 411004, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijayshri","family":"Bhide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Center, Pune 411004, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Greibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7989-2624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian W.","family":"Heegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ebba","family":"Nexo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7016-2959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey N.","family":"Fedosov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadanand","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and Research Center, Pune 411004, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17040","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.40","article-title":"Vitamin B12 deficiency","volume":"3","author":"Green","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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