{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T07:31:31Z","timestamp":1790148691966,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,14]],"date-time":"2019-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INFR-2016-01-270405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INFR-2016-01-270405"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013394","name":"Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["266-17\/2016\/I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["266-17\/2016\/I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013394","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health\/National Cancer Institute","award":["K07CA197179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K07CA197179"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Risk of hyperuricemia is modified by genetic and environmental factors. Our aim was to identify factors associated with serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia in Mexicans. A pilot Genome-wide association study GWAS was performed in a subgroup of participants (n = 411) from the Health Workers Cohort Study (HWCS). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with serum uric acid levels were validated in all the HWCS participants (n = 1939) and replicated in independent children (n = 1080) and adult (n = 1073) case-control studies. The meta-analysis of the whole HWCS and replication samples identified three SLC2A9 SNPs: rs1014290 (p = 2.3 \u00d7 10\u221264), rs3775948 (p = 8.2 \u00d7 10\u221264) and rs11722228 (p = 1.1 \u00d7 10\u221217); and an ABCG2 missense SNP, rs2231142 (p = 1.0 \u00d7 10\u221218). Among the non-genetic factors identified, the visceral adiposity index, smoking, the metabolic syndrome and its components (waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose and hyperlipidemia) were associated with increased serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia (p &lt; 0.05). Among the female HWCS participants, the odds ratio for hyperuricemia was 1.24 (95% CI, 1.01\u20131.53) per unit increase in soft drink consumption. As reported in other studies, our findings indicate that diet, adiposity and genetic variation contribute to the elevated prevalence of hyperuricemia in Mexico.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11061336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,14]],"date-time":"2019-06-14T11:19:58Z","timestamp":1560511198000},"page":"1336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Influence of Genetic and Non-Genetic Risk Factors for Serum Uric Acid Levels and Hyperuricemia in Mexicans"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9845-024X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berenice","family":"Rivera-Paredez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Pol\u00edticas, Poblaci\u00f3n y Salud de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3080-2835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Mac\u00edas-Kauffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Gen\u00f3mica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, UNAM\/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3680-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Fernandez-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consorcio Gen\u00f3mica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisela","family":"Villalobos-Compar\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consorcio Gen\u00f3mica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8063-3497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayeli M.","family":"Martinez-Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Gen\u00f3mica del Metabolismo \u00d3seo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1096-579X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldo","family":"de la Cruz-Montoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Gen\u00f3mica del Metabolismo \u00d3seo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0767-9357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric G.","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CONACYT)-Laboratorio de Gen\u00f3mica del Metabolismo \u00d3seo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Villamil-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Gen\u00f3mica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, UNAM\/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Quiterio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica. Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2586-4396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Palacios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Epidemiol\u00f3gica y en Servicios de Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Romero-Hidalgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consorcio Gen\u00f3mica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Teresa","family":"Villarreal-Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, INMEGEN, Mexico City 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9671-9682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar","family":"Denova-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Nutrici\u00f3n y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne N.","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Epidemiol\u00f3gica y en Servicios de Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuernavaca, Morelos 62000, Mexico"},{"name":"UCLA Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90001, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Canizales-Quinteros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Gen\u00f3mica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, UNAM\/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5113-299X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Salmer\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Pol\u00edticas, Poblaci\u00f3n y Salud de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4515-0777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Vel\u00e1zquez-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Gen\u00f3mica del Metabolismo \u00d3seo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen\u00f3mica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2813","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2010.533647","article-title":"Chronic gout: Epidemiology, disease progression, treatment and disease burden","volume":"26","author":"Brook","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. 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