{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:34:42Z","timestamp":1777599282832,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":155,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI15\/00298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI15\/00298"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI16\/02057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI16\/02057"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI18\/01366"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI18\/01366"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic nephropathy, and tolvaptan is the only therapy available. However, tolvaptan slows but does not stop disease progression, is marred by polyuria, and most patients worldwide lack access. This and recent preclinical research findings on the glucose-dependency of cyst-lining cells have renewed interest in the dietary management of ADPKD. We now review the current dietary recommendations for ADPKD patients according to clinical guidelines, the evidence base for those, and the potential impact of preclinical studies addressing the impact of diet on ADPKD progression. The clinical efficacy of tolvaptan has put the focus on water intake and solute ingestion as modifiable factors that may impact tolvaptan tolerance and ADPKD progression. By contrast, dietary modifications suggested to ADPKD patients, such as avoiding caffeine, are not well supported and their impact is unknown. Recent studies have identified a chronic shift in energy production from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) as a contributor to cyst growth, rendering cyst cells exquisitely sensitive to glucose availability. Therefore, low calorie or ketogenic diets have delayed preclinical ADPKD progression. Additional preclinical data warn of potential negative impact of excess dietary phosphate or oxalate in ADPKD progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11071576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T11:49:38Z","timestamp":1562932178000},"page":"1576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Dietary Care for ADPKD Patients: Current Status and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sol","family":"Carriazo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Vanessa","family":"Perez-Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Cordido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Grupo de Gen\u00e9tica y Biolog\u00eda del Desarrollo de las Enfermedades Renales, Laboratorio de Nefrolog\u00eda (n.\u00b011), Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel Angel","family":"Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Grupo de Gen\u00e9tica y Biolog\u00eda del Desarrollo de las Enfermedades Renales, Laboratorio de Nefrolog\u00eda (n.\u00b011), Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Belen","family":"Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9805-9523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Dolores","family":"Sanchez-Ni\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n Renal (REDINREN), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.120","article-title":"Analysis of data from the ERA-EDTA Registry indicates that conventional treatments for chronic kidney disease do not reduce the need for renal replacement therapy in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease","volume":"86","author":"Spithoven","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.95","article-title":"Decreasing incidence of renal replacement therapy over time at the critical 50\u201359-year age range suggests a role for nephroprotective therapy in ADPKD","volume":"88","author":"Ortiz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.147","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: A consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"84","author":"Ikizler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2015.10.008","article-title":"KHA-CARI Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Guideline: Diet and Lifestyle Management","volume":"35","author":"Campbell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. 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