{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T21:47:33Z","timestamp":1778881653698,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI14\/00853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI14\/00853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI17\/00525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI17\/00525"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red","award":["CB06\/03\/0043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB06\/03\/0043"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["340918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["340918"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Our purpose was to study the relationship of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with urinary factors that favor the formation of renal calcium and uric acid stones in overweight and obese participants who had metabolic syndrome. This cross-sectional study examined 267 participants. A well-known MedDiet score (range 0\u20139) was calculated for each patient, and patients were then categorized has having low (\u22643), medium (4\u20135), or high (\u22656) adherence to the MedDiet. Baseline characteristics and urinary parameters were also analyzed. High calcium salt urinary crystallization risk (CaUCR) and high uric acid urinary crystallization risk (UrUCR) were calculated from urinary parameters using pre-defined criteria. More than half of patients with MedDiet scores \u22643 had high UrUCR (55.4%) and high CaUCR (53.8%). In contrast, fewer patients with high adherence (\u22656) to the MedDiet had high UrUCR (41.2%) and high CaUCR (29.4%). Relative to those with low adherence, individuals with high adherence had a prevalence ratio (PR) of 0.77 for a high UrUCR (95% CI: 0.46\u20131.12; p for trend: 0.069) and a PR of 0.51 for a high CaUCR (95% CI: 0.26\u20130.87; p for trend: 0.012) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, type 2 diabetes, and total energy intake. Our findings indicate that greater adherence to the MedDiet was associated with a reduced CaUCR and a reduced UrUCR. This suggests that adequate dietary management using the MedDiet patterns may prevent or reduce the incidence and recurrence of calcium salt and uric acid renal stones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11081708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T10:48:19Z","timestamp":1563965299000},"page":"1708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Association of Adherence to The Mediterranean Diet with Urinary Factors Favoring Renal Lithiasis: Cross-Sectional Study of Overweight Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8814-900X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael M.","family":"Prieto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS-IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6521-4558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS-IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Sanchis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS-IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margalida","family":"Morey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miquel","family":"Fiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Grases","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS-IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3169-997X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Casta\u00f1er","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3917-9808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2700-7459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Salas-Salvad\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria Pere Virgili, Rovira i Virgili University, 43003 Tarragona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5762-8558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dora","family":"Romaguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, 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