{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T10:44:57Z","timestamp":1778150697022,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,6]],"date-time":"2019-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010781","name":"Diabetes-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["232\/11\/08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232\/11\/08"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: High intake of cereal fibre is associated with reduced risk for type 2 diabetes and long-term complications. Within the first long-term randomized controlled trial specifically targeting cereal fibre, the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT), intake of insoluble oat fibre was shown to significantly reduce glycaemia. Previous studies suggested that this effect might be limited to subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Aim: We stratified the OptiFiT cohort for normal and impaired fasting glucose (NFG, IFG) and conducted a secondary analysis comparing the effects of fibre supplementation between these subgroups. Methods: 180 Caucasian participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were randomized to twice-a-day fibre or placebo supplementation for 2 years (n\u2009=\u200989 and 91, respectively), while assuring double-blinded intervention. Fasting blood sampling, oral glucose tolerance test and full anthropometry were assessed annually. At baseline, out of 136 subjects completing the first year of intervention, 72 (54%) showed IFG and IGT, while 64 subjects had IGT only (labelled \u201cNFG\u201d). Based on these two groups, we performed a stratified per-protocol analysis of glycometabolic and secondary effects during the first year of intervention. Results: The NFG group did not show significant differences between fibre and placebo group concerning anthropometric, glycometabolic, or other biochemical parameters. Within the IFG stratum, 2-h glucose, HbA1c, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels decreased more in the fibre group, with a significant supplement x IFG interaction effect for HbA1c. Compared to NFG subjects, IFG subjects had larger benefits from fibre supplementation with respect to fasting glucose levels. Results were robust against adjustment for weight change and sex. An ITT analysis did not reveal any differences from the per-protocol analysis. Conclusions: Although stratification resulted in relatively small subgroups, we were able to pinpoint our previous findings from the entire cohort to the IFG subgroup. Cereal fibre can beneficially affect glycemic metabolism, with most pronounced or even isolated effectiveness in subjects with impaired fasting glucose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,7]],"date-time":"2019-10-07T03:34:01Z","timestamp":1570419241000},"page":"2385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Fasting Glucose State Determines Metabolic Response to Supplementation with Insoluble Cereal Fibre: A Secondary Analysis of the Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kabisch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbr\u00fccke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V., Gesch\u00e4ftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina M. T.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbr\u00fccke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V., Gesch\u00e4ftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Honsek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbr\u00fccke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiana","family":"Gerbracht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbr\u00fccke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Dambeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbr\u00fccke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margrit","family":"Kemper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbr\u00fccke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V., Gesch\u00e4ftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Osterhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbr\u00fccke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas L.","family":"Birkenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V., Gesch\u00e4ftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Section of Metabolic Vascular Medicine, Medical Clinic III and Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstra\u00dfe 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Section of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Rayne Institute, Denmark Hill Campus, King\u2019s College London, London SE5 9NT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayman M.","family":"Arafat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbr\u00fccke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9440-2737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mads F.","family":"Hjorth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin O.","family":"Weickert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, The ARDEN NET Centre, ENETS CoE, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK"},{"name":"Centre of Applied Biological &amp; Exercise Sciences (ABES), Faculty of Health &amp; Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK"},{"name":"Translational &amp; Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6887-0016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas F. H.","family":"Pfeiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbr\u00fccke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Diabetesforschung e.V., Gesch\u00e4ftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, Ingolst\u00e4dter Landstra\u00dfe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.4.537","article-title":"Effects of diet and exercise in preventing NIDDM in people with impaired glucose tolerance. 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