{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:37:42Z","timestamp":1782232662406,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]],"date-time":"2019-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Food ingestion is heavily implicated in inducing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD), which affect over one-third of adults in developed countries. The primary aim of this paper was to assess the alignment of dietary assessment and symptom-reporting capture periods in diet-related studies on IBS or FD in adults. Secondary aims were to compare the degree of alignment, validity of symptom-reporting tools and reported significant associations between food ingestion and symptoms. A five-database systematic literature search resulted in 40 included studies, from which data were extracted and collated. The food\/diet and symptom capture periods matched exactly in 60% (n = 24\/40) of studies, overlapped in 30% (n = 12\/40) of studies and were not aligned in 10% (n = 4\/40) of studies. Only 30% (n = 12\/40) of studies that reported a significant association between food and global gastrointestinal symptoms used a validated symptom-reporting tool. Of the thirty (75%) studies that reported at least one significant association between individual gastrointestinal symptoms and dietary intake, only four (13%) used a validated symptom tool. Guidelines to ensure that validated symptom-reporting tools are matched with fit-for-purpose dietary assessment methods are needed to minimise discrepancies in the alignment of food and symptom tools, in order to progress functional gastrointestinal disorder research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11112590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]],"date-time":"2019-10-28T11:26:13Z","timestamp":1572261973000},"page":"2590","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Alignment of Dietary Intake and Symptom-Reporting Capture Periods in Studies Assessing Associations between Food and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder Symptoms: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5525-6589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerith","family":"Duncanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre, Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1431-7864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tracy","family":"Burrows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1248-9590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Keely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Priority Research Centre, Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Potter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Priority Research Centre, Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gayatri","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Priority Research Centre, Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjorie","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Priority Research Centre, Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Talley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Priority Research Centre, Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2006.01006.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of the functional gastrointestinal disorders diagnosed according to Rome II criteria: An Australian population-based study","volume":"36","author":"Boyce","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. 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