{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:33:58Z","timestamp":1782232438422,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]],"date-time":"2019-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004740","name":"Fondazione del Monte di Bologna e Ravenna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FM2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FM2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004740","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: There is conflicting information linking fruit and fructose intake with cardiometabolic disorders. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the association between intake of fruits and sugar-sweetened beverages, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a non-invasive marker of arterial aging, in a large population sample. Methods: For this study, we selected four age and sex-matched subgroups from the last Brisighella Heart Study population survey, after exclusion of those in secondary prevention for cardiovascular diseases, affected by gout and moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease (defined as eGFR &lt; 60 mL\/min), and\/or actively treated with direct vasodilating drugs (calcium-antagonists, alpha-blockers, nitrates). The remaining subjects were classified into four groups: (1) low fruit and low sugar-sweetened beverage intake (LFLB), (2) high fruit and low sugar-sweetened beverage intake (HFLB), (3) low fruit and high sugar-sweetened beverage intake (LFHB), (4) high fruit and high sugar-sweetened beverage intake (HFHB). Results: CfPWV was significantly elevated in subjects consuming a higher fructose load, particularly when it was derived from industrially sweetened beverages (pooled LFHB &amp; HFHB: 9.6 \u00b1 2.3 m\/s; pooled LFLB &amp; HFLB: 8.6 \u00b1 2.3 m\/s, p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the main predictors of cfPWV values were serum uric acid (B = 0.391, 95%CI 0.321\u20130.486, p = 0.001), fructose load from both fruits and sugar-sweetened beverages (B = 0.310, 95%CI 0.099\u20130.522, p = 0.004), triglycerides (B = 0.228, 95%CI 0.117\u20130.389, p = 0.018), fasting plasma glucose (B = 0.015, 95%CI 0.008\u20130.022, p &lt; 0.001) and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (B = \u22120.043, 95%CI \u22120.052\u2013\u22120.035, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: our data suggest that increased intake of fructose derived from industrial sweetened beverages, though not from fruits, is associated with higher pulse wave velocity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11112674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]],"date-time":"2019-11-05T06:47:57Z","timestamp":1572936477000},"page":"2674","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Arterial Stiffness, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Fruits Intake in a Rural Population Sample: Data from the Brisighella Heart Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4367-3884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arrigo F.G.","family":"Cicero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department; Sant\u2019Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Building 2\u2013IV Floor, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7853-0042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Fogacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department; Sant\u2019Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Building 2\u2013IV Floor, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0145-1271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovambattista","family":"Desideri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L\u2019Aquila, Coppito, 67100 L\u2019Aquila, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Grandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department; Sant\u2019Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Building 2\u2013IV Floor, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Rizzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department; Sant\u2019Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Building 2\u2013IV Floor, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6631-4342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"D\u2019Addato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department; Sant\u2019Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Building 2\u2013IV Floor, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8039-8781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Borghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department; Sant\u2019Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Building 2\u2013IV Floor, Via Albertoni 15, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.0947","article-title":"Association Between Dietary Factors and Mortality from Heart Disease, Stroke, and Type 2 Diabetes in the United States","volume":"317","author":"Micha","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g4490","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g4490","article-title":"Fruit and vegetable consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","volume":"349","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2018.11.007","article-title":"The Associations of Fruit and Vegetable Intakes with Burden of Diseases: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses","volume":"119","author":"Yip","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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