{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:13:40Z","timestamp":1792188820457,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]],"date-time":"2020-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Morinda citrifolia, a fruit generally known as \u201cNoni\u201d, has been traditionally used in parts of East Asia to relieve inflammatory diseases. Although several studies using noni have been reported, the effect of fermented Morinda citrifolia (F.NONI) on atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been investigated. Thus, we aimed to investigate the improving effect of F.NONI treatment on AD-like skin lesions and elucidate molecular mechanisms. F.NONI was prepared by the fermentation of noni fruit with probiotics and then extracted. F.NONI was orally administrated to NC\/Nga mice to evaluate its therapeutic effect on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD. Oral administration of F.NONI significantly alleviated AD lesions and symptoms such as dermatitis scores, ear thickness, scratching behavior, epidermal thickness, and infiltration of inflammatory cells (e.g., mast cells and eosinophils). In addition, F.NONI treatment reduced the levels of histamine, IgE and IgG1\/IgG2a ratio, thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in serum and beneficially modulated the expressions of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Th22-mediated cytokines in lesioned skin and splenocytes. Furthermore, the expressions of the skin barrier-related proteins including filaggrin (FLG), loricrin (LOR), involucrin (IVL), zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and occludin (OCC) were restored by F.NONI treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that F.NONI could be a therapeutic agent to attenuate AD-like skin lesions through modulating the immune balance and skin barrier function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,20]],"date-time":"2020-01-20T04:27:09Z","timestamp":1579494429000},"page":"249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Fermented Morinda citrifolia (Noni) Alleviates DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in NC\/Nga Mice through Modulating Immune Balance and Skin Barrier Function"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sung Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geum Su","family":"Seong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju_Gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se Young","family":"Choung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Pharmacy and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-017-0044-7","article-title":"The etiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: Barrier disruption, immunological derangement, and pruritus","volume":"37","author":"Rerknimitr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflamm. Regen."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21060","article-title":"New insights into atopic dermatitis","volume":"113","author":"Leung","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00388-8","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of dupilumab in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis inadequately controlled by topical treatments: A randomised, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging phase 2b trial","volume":"387","author":"Simpson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp042803","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"352","author":"Williams","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.09.033","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis and the atopic march","volume":"112","author":"Spergel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.11.014","article-title":"Insights into atopic dermatitis gained from genetically defined mouse models","volume":"143","author":"Nakajima","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2017.10.002","article-title":"Barrier dysfunction in the skin allergy","volume":"67","author":"Egawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergol. Int."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.06.002","article-title":"Multifactorial skin barrier deficiency and atopic dermatitis: Essential topics to prevent the atopic march","volume":"138","author":"Egawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.1595","article-title":"Allergic and nonallergic forms of atopic diseases","volume":"112","author":"Novak","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.03.050","article-title":"Human IL-31 is induced by IL-4 and promotes TH2-driven inflammation","volume":"132","author":"Stott","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2011.09.007","article-title":"The role of mast cells in allergic inflammation","volume":"106","author":"Amin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.02.020","article-title":"The pruritus-and TH2-associated cytokine IL-31 promotes growth of sensory nerves","volume":"138","author":"Feld","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11895","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30404-x","article-title":"Topical administration of EGF suppresses immune response and protects skin barrier in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis in NC\/Nga mice","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-996-0008-5","article-title":"Immune dysregulation in atopic dermatitis","volume":"6","author":"Ong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j1415","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j1415","article-title":"Short term use of oral corticosteroids and related harms among adults in the United States: Population based cohort study","volume":"357","author":"Waljee","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-013-0013-9","article-title":"Topical calcineurin inhibitors for atopic dermatitis: Review and treatment recommendations","volume":"15","author":"Carr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/9.3.461","article-title":"Development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesion with IgE hyperproduction in NC\/Nga mice","volume":"9","author":"Matsuda","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, E.Y., Chen, A.Y., and Zhu, B.T. (2009). Mechanism of dinitrochlorobenzene-induced dermatitis in mice: Role of specific antibodies in pathogenesis. PLoS ONE, 4.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007703"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2008.106","article-title":"Animal models of atopic dermatitis","volume":"129","author":"Jin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6061","article-title":"Pinus densiflora bark extract ameliorates 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in NC\/Nga mice by regulating Th1\/Th2 balance and skin barrier function","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2010.08.015","article-title":"The classical drug discovery approach to defining bioactive constituents of botanicals","volume":"82","author":"Kinghorn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735402001002002","article-title":"From Polynesian healers to health food stores: Changing perspectives of Morinda citrifolia (Rubiaceae)","volume":"1","author":"McClatchey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Integr. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1159\/000053599","article-title":"NC\/Nga mice: A mouse model for atopic dermatitis","volume":"120","author":"Suto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(03)01828-4","article-title":"Analysis of the spontaneous scratching behavior by NC\/Nga mice: A possible approach to evaluate antipruritics for subjects with atopic dermatitis","volume":"471","author":"Takano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.72350","article-title":"Blood sample collection in small laboratory animals","volume":"1","author":"Parasuraman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020322800107","article-title":"Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Decreased Cachexia, Macrophage Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 Production, and Modifies Splenocyte Cytokines Production1","volume":"228","author":"Yang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.104.080846","article-title":"JTP-27536 [(+)-1, 3-dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethylpropyl-2-ammonium 2-[(R)-3-cyclo-hexyl-1-phenylpropyl]-1, 3-dioxo-2, 3-dihydro-1H-isoindole-5-carboxylate monohydrate], a novel inhibitor of immunoglobulins and interleukin-5 with anti-inflammatory properties in mouse allergic dermatitis model","volume":"314","author":"Mimura","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1159\/000068902","article-title":"It is true that, when Langerhans cells migrate from the skin to the lymph node, they are transported via lymph vessels","volume":"206","author":"Sugiura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.04.060","article-title":"The role of dendritic cell subtypes in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis","volume":"53","author":"Novak","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boguniewicz, M., Fonacier, L., and Leung, D.Y. (2019). Atopic and Contact Dermatitis. Clinical Immunology, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-6896-6.00044-2"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sohn, E., Kang, S.C., Jang, S.-A., Kwon, J.E., Pyo, S., and Koo, H.J. (2016). Fermented Korean red ginseng ameliorates 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis via MAPKs\/NF-\u03baB pathway in mice. FASEB J., 30.","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1174.2"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yin, J., Yoon, S., Ahn, H., and Lee, M. (2018). Inhibitory activity of allergic contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis-like skin in BALB\/c mouse through oral administration of fermented barks of Alnus sibirica. Molecules, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23020450"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"West, B.J., Deng, S., Isami, F., Uwaya, A., and Jensen, C.J. (2018). The potential health benefits of noni juice: A review of human intervention studies. Foods, 7.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201803.0173.v1"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.10.023","article-title":"The effects of Morinda citrifolia L.(noni) on the immune system: Its molecular mechanisms of action","volume":"115","author":"Palu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coutinho de Sousa, B., Reis Machado, J., da Silva, M.V., da Costa, T.A., Lazo-Chica, J.E., Degasperi, T.D.P., Rodrigues Junior, V., Sales-Campos, H., Uber Bucek, E., and Freire Oliveira, C.J. (2017). Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit juice reduces inflammatory cytokines expression and contributes to the maintenance of intestinal mucosal integrity in DSS experimental colitis. Mediat. Inflamm., 2017.","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6567432"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.21","article-title":"Noni juice reduces lipid peroxidation\u2013derived DNA adducts in heavy smokers","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1021\/np020215h","article-title":"Complement-Inhibiting Iridoids from Morinda morindoides","volume":"66","author":"Cimanga","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.54.297","article-title":"Three New and Antitumor Anthraquinone Glycosides from Lasianthus acuminatissimus MERR","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.01.011","article-title":"The immunology of atopic dermatitis and its reversibility with broad-spectrum and targeted therapies","volume":"139","author":"Brunner","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.06.010","article-title":"Cellular and molecular immunologic mechanisms in patients with atopic dermatitis","volume":"138","author":"Werfel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119278368.ch2.1","article-title":"A review of the roles of keratinocyte-derived cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis in humans and dogs","volume":"8","author":"Asahina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Vet. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-014-0433-9","article-title":"Skin barrier defects in atopic dermatitis","volume":"14","author":"Agrawal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.435","article-title":"Skin barrier disruption: A requirement for allergen sensitization?","volume":"132","author":"Kubo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, J.E., Kim, J.S., Cho, D.H., and Park, H.J. (2016). Molecular mechanisms of cutaneous inflammatory disorder: Atopic dermatitis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17081234"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9899.1000110","article-title":"Th2 cytokines and atopic dermatitis","volume":"2","author":"Brandt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00476.x","article-title":"Eosinophils and atopic dermatitis","volume":"59","author":"Simon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.10.033","article-title":"IL-31: A new link between T cells and pruritus in atopic skin inflammation","volume":"117","author":"Sonkoly","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/cia2.12023","article-title":"T helper type 2 signatures in atopic dermatitis","volume":"1","author":"Furue","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Immunol. Allergy"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2006.06.002","article-title":"Thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC)\/CCL17 and skin diseases","volume":"43","author":"Saeki","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00353","article-title":"Regulation of T cell immunity in atopic dermatitis by microbes: The yin and yang of cutaneous inflammation","volume":"6","author":"Biedermann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2015.01.030","article-title":"Interleukin 12 (IL-12) family cytokines: Role in immune pathogenesis and treatment of CNS autoimmune disease","volume":"75","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(90)90490-5","article-title":"Recombinant gamma interferon in treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis and elevated IgE levels","volume":"88","author":"Boguniewicz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-016-0159-z","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of fullerene C 60 in a mice model of atopic dermatitis","volume":"14","author":"Shershakova","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2014.03.006","article-title":"Skin barrier and immune dysregulation in atopic dermatitis: An evolving story with important clinical implications","volume":"2","author":"Czarnowicki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.11.015","article-title":"The translational revolution and use of biologics in patients with inflammatory skin diseases","volume":"135","author":"Noda","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1261","article-title":"A distinct lineage of CD4 T cells regulates tissue inflammation by producing interleukin 17","volume":"6","author":"Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1684\/ecn.2011.0294","article-title":"Cytokine network in psoriasis revisited","volume":"22","author":"Pietrzak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Cytokine Netw."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2012.4.1.12","article-title":"Epidermal barrier in atopic dermatitis","volume":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ra116","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3005374","article-title":"TSLP elicits IL-33\u2013independent innate lymphoid cell responses to promote skin inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.10.018","article-title":"Tight junction defects in patients with atopic dermatitis","volume":"127","author":"Rafaels","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.06.005","article-title":"Reduced expression of epidermal growth factor receptor, E-cadherin, and occludin in the skin of flaky tail mice is due to filaggrin and loricrin deficiencies","volume":"181","author":"Nakai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2937","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091527","article-title":"External antigen uptake by Langerhans cells with reorganization of epidermal tight junction barriers","volume":"206","author":"Kubo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.01.053","article-title":"Filaggrin genotype in ichthyosis vulgaris predicts abnormalities in epidermal structure and function","volume":"178","author":"Gruber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12753","article-title":"Profile of skin barrier proteins (filaggrin, claudins 1 and 4) and Th1\/Th2\/Th17 cytokines in adults with atopic dermatitis","volume":"29","author":"Batista","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/12\/1\/249\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T14:05:22Z","timestamp":1760364322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/12\/1\/249"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["nu12010249"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12010249","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]]}}}