{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T21:45:43Z","timestamp":1773697543537,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kinderonderzoekfonds Limburg","award":["N.A."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N.A."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chorioamnionitis can lead to inflammation and injury of the liver and gut, thereby predisposing patients to adverse outcomes such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In addition, intestinal bile acids (BAs) accumulation is causally linked to NEC development. Plant sterols are a promising intervention to prevent NEC development, considering their anti-inflammatory properties in the liver. Therefore, we investigated whether an intra-amniotic (IA) Ureaplasma parvum (UP) infection affected the liver and enterohepatic circulation (EHC) and evaluated whether an IA administered plant sterol mixture dissolved in \u03b2-cyclodextrin exerted prophylactic effects. An ovine chorioamnionitis model was used in which liver inflammation and the EHC were assessed following IA UP exposure in the presence or absence of IA prophylactic plant sterols (a mixture of \u03b2-sitosterol and campesterol dissolved in \u03b2-cyclodextrin (carrier)) or carrier alone. IA UP exposure caused an inflammatory reaction in the liver, histologically seen as clustered and conflated hepatic erythropoiesis in the parenchyma, which was partially prevented by IA administration of sterol + \u03b2-cyclodextrin, or \u03b2-cyclodextrin alone. In addition, IA administration of \u03b2-cyclodextrin prior to UP caused changes in the expression of several hepatic BAs transporters, without causing alterations in other aspects of the EHC. Thereby, the addition of plant sterols to the carrier \u03b2-cyclodextrin did not have additional effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]],"date-time":"2020-05-07T03:10:38Z","timestamp":1588821038000},"page":"1312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prophylactic Intra-Uterine \u03b2-Cyclodextrin Administration during Intra-Uterine Ureaplasma parvum Infection Partly Prevents Liver Inflammation without Interfering with the Enterohepatic Circulation of the Fetal Sheep"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9373-1360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathelijne","family":"Heymans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0602-3356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara R.","family":"Heij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaatje","family":"Lenaerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"den Dulk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mhamed","family":"Hadfoune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"van Heugten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9117-6911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Owen B.","family":"Spiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Beeton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Stock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan H.","family":"Jobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"Division of Neonatology\/Pulmonary Biology, The Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew W.","family":"Kemp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia"},{"name":"School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth WA 6150, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boris W.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jogchum","family":"Plat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wim G.","family":"van Gemert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4417-4144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim G.A.M.","family":"Wolfs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering (BMT), School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murphy, S.L., Mathews, T.J., Martin, J.A., Minkovitz, C.S., and Strobino, D.M. 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