{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:47:34Z","timestamp":1777384054962,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013398","name":"Sykehuset Innlandet HF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["150263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["150263"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recommendations for sufficient vitamin D intake in children were recently revised in Norway. However, optimal levels of vitamin D are still debated and knowledge on supplementation and vitamin D levels in healthy children in Norway is scarce. Therefore, we measured the plasma-concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in children and adolescents attending the outpatient paediatric clinics in Innlandet Hospital Trust, Norway during two consecutive years (2015\u20132017). We recruited 301 children and adolescents aged 5 months to 18 years (mean 7.8, SD 4.4 years) for the study and obtained sample material for 25(OH)D measurements from 295 (98%). Information on diet, vitamin D supplementation, sun exposure, ethnicity, parental education and general health was collected by questionnaire. 25(OH)D levels were analysed and determinants for 25(OH)D were estimated by linear regression. 1.0% of the children had deficient levels (25(OH)D &lt; 25 nmol\/L) and 21.0% had insufficient levels (25\u201350 nmol\/L). 25(OH)D levels ranging from 50 to 75 nmol\/L were found among 38.3%, while 39.7% had levels above 75 nmol\/L. The mean 25(OH)D level was 70.0 nmol\/L (SD 23.4, range 17\u2013142 nmol\/L) with a significant seasonal variation with lowest levels in mid-winter and highest in late summer. In addition to seasonal variation independent determinants for 25(OH)D-levels were age of the child, parental ethnicity, vitamin D supplementation and soda consumption. Along with parental ethnicity other than Nordic, age was the strongest determinant of 25(OH)D, with adolescents having the lowest levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T10:53:55Z","timestamp":1589280835000},"page":"1385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Vitamin D Status and Its Determinants in a Paediatric Population in Norway"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mads N","family":"Holten-Andersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Lillehammer Hospital, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2626 Lillehammer, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanne","family":"Haugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2626 Lillehammer, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0670-9753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingvild","family":"Oma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2626 Lillehammer, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4038-151X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tor A","family":"Strand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Intervention Science in Maternal and Child Health, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, 7803 Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2381 Brumunddal, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of vitamin D in relation to bone health","volume":"158","author":"Cranney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Evid. Rep. Technol. Assess Full Rep"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g2035","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g2035","article-title":"Vitamin D and multiple health outcomes: Umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies and randomised trials","volume":"348","author":"Theodoratou","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2020, April 30). Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012. 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