{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:34:31Z","timestamp":1790231671049,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":149,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]],"date-time":"2020-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the almost 30 years that have passed since the postulation of the \u201cDevelopmental Origins of Health and Disease\u201d theory, it has been clearly demonstrated that a mother\u2019s dietary habits during pregnancy have potential consequences for her offspring that go far beyond in utero development. Protein malnutrition during pregnancy, for instance, can cause severe alterations ranging from intrauterine growth retardation to organ damage and increased susceptibility to hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease (CKD) later in life both in experimental animals and humans. Conversely, a balanced mild protein restriction in patients affected by CKD has been shown to mitigate the biochemical derangements associated with kidney disease and even slow its progression. The first reports on the management of pregnant CKD women with a moderately protein-restricted plant-based diet appeared in the literature a few years ago. Today, this approach is still being debated, as is the optimal source of protein during gestation in CKD. The aim of this report is to critically review the available literature on the topic, focusing on the similarities and differences between animal and clinical studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T11:49:21Z","timestamp":1591012161000},"page":"1614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Of Mice and Men: The Effect of Maternal Protein Restriction on Offspring\u2019s Kidney Health. Are Studies on Rodents Applicable to Chronic Kidney Disease Patients? A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5561-948X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Torreggiani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology and Dialysis, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, Avenue Roubillard 194, 72000 Le Mans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antioco","family":"Fois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology and Dialysis, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, Avenue Roubillard 194, 72000 Le Mans, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"D\u2019Alessandro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Colucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, ICS Maugeri S.p.A. SB, Via S. Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra Oralia","family":"Orozco Guill\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, National Institute of Perinatology \u201cIsidro Espinoza de los Reyes\u201d, Mexico City 11000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8995-936X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adamasco","family":"Cupisti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2632-4009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgina Barbara","family":"Piccoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology and Dialysis, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, Avenue Roubillard 194, 72000 Le Mans, France"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Universit\u00e0 di Torino, 10100 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.2307\/2708215","article-title":"Feuerbach\u2019s \u201cMan is what He Eats\u201d: A Rectification","volume":"24","author":"Cherno","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. 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