{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T10:59:57Z","timestamp":1785236397774,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a major health problem, especially in developing countries. In this study, we investigated the effect of VAD from weaning to adulthood in apoE\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Three-week-old male mice were allocated into four diet groups: I. VAD II. VAD+vitamin A (VA), 1500 IU retinyl-palmitate; III. VAD+\u03b2-carotene (BC), 6 g\/kg feed, containing 50% all-trans and 50% 9-cis BC. IV. VAD with BC and VA (BC+VA). After 13 weeks, we assessed the size of atherosclerotic plaques and measured VA in tissues and BC in plasma and tissues. VAD resulted in diminished hepatic VA levels and undetectable brain VA levels compared to the other groups. BC completely replenished VA levels in the liver, and BC+VA led to a two-fold elevation of hepatic VA accumulation. In adipose tissue, mice fed BC+VA accumulated only 13% BC compared to mice fed BC alone. Atherosclerotic lesion area of BC group was 73% lower compared to VAD group (p &lt; 0.05). These results suggest that BC can be a sole source for VA and inhibits atherogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T11:49:21Z","timestamp":1591012161000},"page":"1625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Dietary \u03b2-Carotene Rescues Vitamin A Deficiency and Inhibits Atherogenesis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ayelet","family":"Harari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 5262000, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nir","family":"Melnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 5262000, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Kandel Kfir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 5262000, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehuda","family":"Kamari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 5262000, Israel"},{"name":"The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidor","family":"Mahler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 5262000, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ami","family":"Ben-Amotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.B.T., Nature Beta Technologies LTD, Eilat 8851100, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dror","family":"Harats","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 5262000, Israel"},{"name":"The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hofit","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 5262000, Israel"},{"name":"The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aviv","family":"Shaish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 5262000, Israel"},{"name":"The Department of Life Sciences, MP, Achva Academic College, Shikmim 7980400, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e528","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00039-X","article-title":"Trends and mortality effects of vitamin A deficiency in children in 138 low-income and middle-income countries between 1991 and 2013: A pooled analysis of population-based surveys","volume":"3","author":"Bennett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. 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