{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T04:07:08Z","timestamp":1774498028317,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Laboratory for Probiotics Research, Juntendo University School of Medicine, which originally received a donation from Amway Japan G.K.","award":["none"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["none"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u201cTotal\u201d folate in blood has usually been measured to evaluate the folate status of pregnant women. However, folate is composed of many metabolites. The main substrate is 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), with folic acid (FA) representing a very small component as an unmetabolized species in blood. We longitudinally evaluated 5-MTHF, FA and total homocysteine in maternal and cord blood from Japanese pregnant women. Subjects were 146 pregnant women who participated in the Chiba study of Mother and Child Health (C-MACH) prospective cohort study. Sera were obtained in early and late pregnancy, at delivery, and from cord blood. Species levels were measured by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. Both 5-MTHF and FA levels were lower than reported levels from pregnant women in populations from countries with mandatory FA fortification. As gestational age progressed, serum 5-MTHF levels decreased, whereas serum FA levels were slightly reduced only at delivery compared to early pregnancy. A significant negative association between serum 5-MTHF and total homocysteine was shown at all examined times, but no associations with FA were evident. At delivery, cord 5-MTHF was significantly higher than maternal levels, while FA again showed no significant correlation. These results suggest that 5-MTHF is actively transported to the fetus through placental transporters and may reflect folate status during pregnancy as a physiologically important species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T04:09:03Z","timestamp":1591070943000},"page":"1633","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Distribution of 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate and Folic Acid Levels in Maternal and Cord Blood Serum: Longitudinal Evaluation of Japanese Pregnant Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3316-1607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Kubo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado, Saitama 350-0288, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2374-710X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideoki","family":"Fukuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Progressive DOHaD Research, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terue","family":"Kawabata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado, Saitama 350-0288, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kumiko","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado, Saitama 350-0288, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chisato","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Sustainable Health Science, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5146-2174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masazumi","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Management, School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Miyagi University, 2-2-1 Hatadate, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Ohkubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences, Sendai Shirayuri Women\u2019s College, Honda-Cho, Izumi-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-3107, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyoichi","family":"Oshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research &amp; Development Department, Taiko Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 2-3-3, Higashishinbash, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0021, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naotake","family":"Yanagisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Technology Innovation Center, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuichiro","family":"Yamashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Probiotics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-9-8-3F, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2010.00261.x","article-title":"Perinatal folate supply: Relevance in health outcome parameters","volume":"6","author":"Fekete","year":"2010","journal-title":"Matern. 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