{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T18:01:10Z","timestamp":1791568870157,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,21]],"date-time":"2020-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002449","name":"Jeju National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["The 2020 scientific promotion program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["The 2020 scientific promotion program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002449","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Ministry of Education","award":["The Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (2016R1A6A1A03012862)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["The Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (2016R1A6A1A03012862)"]}]},{"name":"Marine Biotechnology Program Funded by Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries","award":["Industrialization of food materials for health promotion derived from algae in the jeonnam region"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Industrialization of food materials for health promotion derived from algae in the jeonnam region"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Codium fragile (CF) is a functional seaweed food that has been used for its health effects, including immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and anti-cancer activities, but the effect of CF extracts on obesity via regulation of intestinal microflora is still unknown. This study investigated anti-obesity effects of CF extracts on gut microbiota of diet-induced obese mice. C57BL\/6 mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet were given CF extracts intragastrically for 12 weeks. CF extracts significantly decreased animal body weight and the size of adipocytes, while reducing serum levels of cholesterol and glucose. In addition, CF extracts significantly shifted the gut microbiota of mice by increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreasing the abundance of Verrucomicrobia species, in which the portion of beneficial bacteria (i.e., Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Acetatifactor) were increased. This resulted in shifting predicted intestinal metabolic pathways involved in regulating adipocytes (i.e., mevalonate metabolism), energy harvest (i.e., pyruvate fermentation and glycolysis), appetite (i.e., chorismate biosynthesis) and metabolic disorders (i.e., isoprene biosynthesis, urea metabolism, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis). In conclusion, our study showed that CF extracts ameliorate intestinal metabolism in HF-induced obese mice by modulating the gut microbiota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T06:46:12Z","timestamp":1592808372000},"page":"1848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Codium fragile Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolism by Modulating the Gut Microbiota in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jungman","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Ho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Subtropical\/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taehwan","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Wando 59108, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byungjae","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Wando 59108, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2373-2100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Unno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea"},{"name":"Subtropical\/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.100156","article-title":"The perfect storm: Obesity, adipocyte dysfunction, and metabolic consequences","volume":"54","author":"Mozaffarian","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. 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