{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T23:45:29Z","timestamp":1779925529920,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008994","name":"Universidade de Bras\u00edlia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DPI\/DIRPE 02\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DPI\/DIRPE 02\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008994","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to develop a specific instrument to evaluate food neophobia focused on Brazilian children and to perform the content validation and internal semantic consistency and reproducibility evaluation of the instrument. Three steps were necessary to conduct the study: (i) development of the instrument, (ii) internal validation (content validation and semantic evaluation) of the food neophobia instrument using 22 experts in the first round and 20 of them in the second round, (iii) evaluation of the internal consistency and reproducibility of the instrument with the children\u2019s caregivers, using the test\u2013retest (where the same caregiver\u2014n = 22\u2014answered twice, with 24 h interval) and comparing responses between two caregivers (n = 44) of the same children (n = 22). We developed an instrument in Brazilian\u2013Portuguese to evaluate children\u2019s food neophobia based on the caregivers\u2019 perceptions with 25 items divided into three domains (neophobia in general, neophobia for fruits and neophobia for vegetables). Our results indicated that the instrument has excellent internal consistency (&gt;0.9) and reproducibility (&gt;0.9) when answered by the caregiver who knows the child\u2019s eating habits, indicating reliability to be applied in Brazil. In addition, when the two caregivers answered the instrument, we found a good reproducibility (&gt;0.6), confirming the possibility to be answered by one of the caregivers. Further studies are necessary to complete external validation with a representative sample of the target group in Brazil, showing nationwide the profile of the population. The potential of a neophobia study would contribute to the implementation of effective strategies and guidelines to support parents and health professionals, especially those involved in health and nutrition, to identify traces of food neophobia or neophobic behavior. By accurately measuring food neophobia in children, families can prevent nutritional deficiencies throughout adolescence and adulthood, improving eating habits. Children usually have neophobias similar to the ones presented by their parents\u2014and when early detected, these neophobias can be addressed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12071943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T09:04:59Z","timestamp":1593507899000},"page":"1943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Instrument to Identify Food Neophobia in Brazilian Children by Their Caregivers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Priscila Claudino","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Bras\u00edlia, 70910-900 Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4625-0956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz Philippi","family":"Rosane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Bras\u00edlia, 70910-900 Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9071-8512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo Yoshio","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Bras\u00edlia, 70910-900 Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6543-7690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana Arag\u00e3o Lira","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, University of Bras\u00edlia, 70910-900 Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0370-3089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata Puppin","family":"Zandonadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, University of Bras\u00edlia, 70910-900 Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0369-287X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel Braz Assun\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Botelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, University of Bras\u00edlia, 70910-900 Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"FAO, IFAD, and UNICEF (2019). 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