{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T16:49:57Z","timestamp":1790182197406,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2017YFD0502200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFD0502200"]}]},{"name":"the \u201cNational and Provincial Fund\u201d Cultivation Project of Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering","award":["No. KA190578906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. KA190578906"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The etiology of osteoarthritis (OA) is multifactorial, with no effective disease-modifying-drugs. L-theanine has been reported to inhibit inflammatory responses in some diseases and this study aimed to investigate the effect of L-theanine on Interleukin-1(IL-1)\u03b2-stimulated chondrocytes, and in an injury-induced OA rat model. Primary chondrocytes were stimulated by IL-1\u03b2 (10 ng\/mL) for 24 h and then co-cultured with L-theanine for 24 h. The effects of L-theanine on IL-1\u03b2-stimulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and hydrolytic enzyme were analyzed using Western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. An immunofluorescence assay was used to detect nuclear factor kappa B (NF-\u03baB) phosphorylation. OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) surgery in rats and celecoxib was used as a positive control. OA severity was measured using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system to describe histological changes. The results showed that L-theanine decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nitric oxide (NO), both in vivo and in vitro. L-theanine treatment inhibited IL-1\u03b2-induced upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-3 and MMP-13, as well as inhibited NF-\u03baB p65 activation. In vivo animal model showed that L-theanine administration (200 mg\/kg) significantly alleviated OA lesions and decreased OARSI score. Our data indicated that L-theanine decreased inflammatory cytokines and protected extracellular matrix degradation through inhibition of the NF-\u03baB pathway, and L-theanine may be considered a promising therapeutic strategy in OA prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12071988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T03:19:27Z","timestamp":1594005567000},"page":"1988","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["L-Theanine Reduced the Development of Knee Osteoarthritis in Rats via Its Anti-Inflammation and Anti-Matrix Degradation Actions: In Vivo and In Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaopeng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianwen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunpeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.136","article-title":"Low-grade inflammation as a key mediator of the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis","volume":"12","author":"Robinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. 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