{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T15:26:57Z","timestamp":1779377217145,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012774","name":"Innovationsfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12-132437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12-132437"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012774","name":"Innovationsfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4096-00003B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4096-00003B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigated the effect of long-term whey supplementation on biomarkers of B12 status in healthy older adults subjected to different schemes of supplements and exercise. The total study population examined at baseline consisted of 167 healthy older adults (age \u2265 65 year) who were randomized to 1-y intervention with two daily supplements of (1) whey protein (3.1 \u00b5g B12\/day) (WHEY-ALL), (2) collagen (1.3 \u00b5g B12\/day) (COLL), or (3) maltodextrin (0.3 \u00b5g B12\/day) (CARB). WHEY-ALL was comprised of three groups, who performed heavy resistance training (HRTW), light resistance training (LITW), or no training (WHEY). Dietary intake was assessed through 3-d dietary records. For the longitudinal part of the study, we included only the participants (n = 110), who met the criteria of \u2265 50% compliance to the nutritional intervention and \u2265 66% and \u2265 75% compliance to the heavy and light training, respectively. Fasting blood samples collected at baseline and 12 months and non-fasting samples collected at 6 and 18 months were examined for methylmalonic acid, B12 and holotranscobalamin. At baseline, the study population (n = 167) had an overall adequate dietary B12 intake of median (range) 5.3 (0.7\u201365) \u00b5g\/day and median B12 biomarker values within reference intervals. The whey intervention (WHEY-ALL) caused an increase in B12 (P &lt; 0.0001) and holotranscobalamin (P &lt; 0.0001). In addition, methylmalonic acid decreased in the LITW group (P = 0.04). No change in B12 biomarkers was observed during the intervention with collagen or carbohydrate, and the training schedules induced no changes. In conclusion, longer-term daily whey intake increased plasma B12 and holotranscobalamin in older individuals. No effect of intervention with collagen or carbohydrate or different training regimes was observed. Interestingly, the biomarkers of B12 status appeared to be affected by fasting vs. non-fasting conditions during sample collection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12072015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T10:41:09Z","timestamp":1594118469000},"page":"2015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of Prolonged Whey Protein Supplementation and Resistance Training on Biomarkers of Vitamin B12 Status: A 1-Year Randomized Intervention in Healthy Older Adults (the CALM Study)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0417-1195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Greibe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine\/Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"Reitelseder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasmus L.","family":"Bechsh\u00f8ft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"B\u00fclow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grith W.","family":"H\u00f8jfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon R.","family":"Schacht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Noerre Alle 51, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4999-1218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mads L.","family":"Knudsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Noerre Alle 51, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2495-2511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inge","family":"Tetens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Noerre Alle 51, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie S.","family":"Ostenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arla Foods Ingredients Group P\/S, Soenderhoej 10-12, DK-8260 Viby J, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulla R.","family":"Mikkelsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arla Foods Ingredients Group P\/S, Soenderhoej 10-12, DK-8260 Viby J, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7989-2624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian W.","family":"Heegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9406-9081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebba","family":"Nexo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine\/Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery M, Bispebjerg Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"},{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, 142 Edgbaston Park Road, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17040","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.40","article-title":"Vitamin B 12 deficiency","volume":"3","author":"Green","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. 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