{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T05:43:54Z","timestamp":1788414234233,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5T32HL007034-39"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32HL007034-39"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201600018C, HHSN268201600001C, HHSN268201600002C, HHSN268201600003C, and HHSN26820160000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201600018C, HHSN268201600001C, HHSN268201600002C, HHSN268201600003C, and HHSN26820160000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Little is known about the relationship between self-reported psychological resilience (resilience) and health behaviors shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study examines the associations between resilience and CVD-related risk factors, such as diet, smoking, physical activity, sleep, and alcohol consumption among older American women from diverse backgrounds. Methods: A cross-sectional secondary analysis was conducted on 77,395 women (mean age 77 years, Black (N = 4475, 5.8%), non-Hispanic white (N = 69,448, 89.7%), Latina (N = 1891, 2.4%), and Asian or Pacific Islander (N = 1581, 2.0%)) enrolled in the Women\u2019s Health Initiative Extension Study II. Resilience was measured using an abbreviated version of the brief resilience scale. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between resilience and health behaviors associated with risk for CVD, while adjusting for stressful life events and sociodemographic information. To test whether these associations varied among racial\/ethnic groups, an interaction term was added to the fully adjusted models between resilience and race\/ethnicity. Results: High levels of resilience were associated with better diet quality (top 2 quintiles of the Healthy Eating Index 2015) (OR = 1.22 (95% Confidence Interval (1.15\u20131.30)), adhering to recommended physical activity (\u2265 150 min per week) (1.56 (1.47, 1.66)), sleeping the recommended hours per night (7\u20139) (1.36 (1.28\u20131.44)), and moderate alcohol intake (consuming alcoholic drink(s) 1\u20137 days per week) (1.28 (1.20\u20131.37)). The observed association between resilience and sleep is modified by race\/ethnicity (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Irrespective of race\/ethnicity, high resilience was associated with CVD-protective health behaviors. This warrants further investigation into whether interventions aimed at improving resilience could increase the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12072107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T10:54:46Z","timestamp":1594896886000},"page":"2107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Resilience and CVD-protective Health Behaviors in Older Women: Examining Racial and Ethnic Differences in a Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Women\u2019s Health Initiative"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sparkle","family":"Springfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Department of Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S N 1st Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"FeiFei","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Sciences Unit, Stanford University, Alto, CA 94304, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0757-7959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haley","family":"Hedlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Sciences Unit, Stanford University, Alto, CA 94304, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles B.","family":"Eaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warren Alpert Medical School, Department of Family Medicine School of Public Health Brown, Providence University, Providence, RI 02912, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milagros C.","family":"Rosal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Medical School of Massachusetts University, Massachusetts University, Worcester, MA 01605, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herman","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Wing Room, Morehouse School of Medicine Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula M.","family":"Staudinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia Aging Center &amp; Department of Socio medical Science, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia L.","family":"Stefanick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Alto, CA 94304, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.307547","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in women: Clinical perspectives","volume":"118","author":"Garcia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. 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