{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T14:00:36Z","timestamp":1782914436149,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]],"date-time":"2020-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Feeding intolerance is a frequent diagnosis in very preterm infants. As seen in the FortiLat trial, human milk fortification with the new donkey milk-derived human milk fortifier (DF) seems to improve feeding tolerance in these infants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of using the DF compared with bovine milk-derived fortifier (BF) on gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: Over a total of 156 preterm infants were enrolled into the FortiLat trial (GA &lt;32 weeks and birth weight &lt;1500 g) and randomized into the BF arm or DF arm, and we selected all infants with clinical signs of GER and cardiorespiratory (CR) symptoms. All the infants underwent CR and multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH (MII\/pH) monitoring associated with gastric ultrasound to evaluate GER and gastric emptying time. Results: 10 infants were enrolled, and 5 were in the DF arm. At MII\/pH, infants enrolled into the DF arm showed a lower GER frequency than BF arm infants (p = 0.036). Half gastric emptying time was similar in DF and BF arm infants (p = 0.744). Conclusion: The use of donkey-derived human milk fortifier reduced the GER frequency and consequently should be recommended in infants with feeding intolerance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12072142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]],"date-time":"2020-07-20T06:08:17Z","timestamp":1595225297000},"page":"2142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effects on Gastroesophageal Reflux of Donkey Milk-Derived Human Milk Fortifier Versus Standard Fortifier in Preterm Newborns: Additional Data from the FortiLat Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2139-6855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Cresi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Care Unit, Sant\u2019Anna Hospital, Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Maggiora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Care Unit, Sant\u2019Anna Hospital, Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Pirra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Care Unit, Sant\u2019Anna Hospital, Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Tonetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Care Unit, Sant\u2019Anna Hospital, Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4217-4434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlotta","family":"Rubino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Care Unit, Sant\u2019Anna Hospital, Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7006-1683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Cavallarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3507-7684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marzia","family":"Giribaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 10100 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3429-3257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido E.","family":"Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Association of Human Milk Banks, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0075-5353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Peila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Care Unit, Sant\u2019Anna Hospital, Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Coscia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Care Unit, Sant\u2019Anna Hospital, Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.3.516","article-title":"Studies of Feeding Intolerance in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Definition and Significance","volume":"109","author":"Jadcherla","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.07.013","article-title":"Feeding intolerance in the preterm infant","volume":"89","author":"Fanaro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Early Hum. 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