{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T17:34:52Z","timestamp":1783186492166,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,9]],"date-time":"2020-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Roquette","award":["18-0119\/19-0245"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-0119\/19-0245"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This randomized trial compared pea protein, whey protein, and water-only supplementation on muscle damage, inflammation, delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), and physical fitness test performance during a 5-day period after a 90-min eccentric exercise bout in non-athletic non-obese males (n = 92, ages 18\u201355 years). The two protein sources (0.9 g protein\/kg divided into three doses\/day) were administered under double blind procedures. The eccentric exercise protocol induced significant muscle damage and soreness, and reduced bench press and 30-s Wingate performance. Whey protein supplementation significantly attenuated post-exercise blood levels for biomarkers of muscle damage compared to water-only, with large effect sizes for creatine kinase and myoglobin during the fourth and fifth days of recovery (Cohen\u2019s d &gt; 0.80); pea protein versus water supplementation had an intermediate non-significant effect (Cohen\u2019s d &lt; 0.50); and no significant differences between whey and pea protein were found. Whey and pea protein compared to water supplementation had no significant effects on post-exercise DOMS and the fitness tests. In conclusion, high intake of whey protein for 5 days after intensive eccentric exercise mitigated the efflux of muscle damage biomarkers, with the intake of pea protein having an intermediate effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,10]],"date-time":"2020-08-10T05:07:23Z","timestamp":1597036043000},"page":"2382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effects of Whey and Pea Protein Supplementation on Post-Eccentric Exercise Muscle Damage: A Randomized Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8305-1860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David C.","family":"Nieman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28608, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin A.","family":"Zwetsloot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Simonson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28608, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew T.","family":"Hoyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28608, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xintang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Academy of Sport and Health Sciences, Beijing Sport University,  Beijing 100084, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather K.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Health Research &amp; Development, Roquette, Geneva, IL 60134, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Lefranc-Millot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Health Research &amp; Development, Roquette, 62136 Lestrem, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laetitia","family":"Gu\u00e9rin-Deremaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Health Research &amp; Development, Roquette, 62136 Lestrem, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1249\/00003677-199800260-00013","article-title":"Muscle amino acid metabolism at rest and during exercise: Role in human physiology and metabolism","volume":"26","author":"Wagenmakers","year":"1998","journal-title":"Exerc. 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