{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:19:34Z","timestamp":1790713174820,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004396","name":"PepsiCo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PEP-1420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PEP-1420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Disturbed sleep may negatively influence physical health, cognitive performance, metabolism, and general wellbeing. Nutritional interventions represent a potential non-pharmacological means to increase sleep quality and quantity. Objective: (1) Identify an optimal suite of nutritional ingredients and (2) validate the effects of this suite utilising polysomnography, and cognitive and balance tests. Methods: The optimal and least optimal combinations of six ingredients were identified utilising 55 male participants and a Box\u2013Behnken predictive model. To validate the model, 18 healthy, male, normal sleepers underwent three trials in a randomised, counterbalanced design: (1) optimal drink, (2) least optimal drink, or (3) placebo were provided before bed in a double-blinded manner. Polysomnography was utilised to measure sleep architecture. Cognitive performance, postural sway, and subjective sleep quality, were assessed 30 min after waking. Results: The optimal drink resulted in a significantly shorter sleep onset latency (9.9 \u00b1 12.3 min) when compared to both the least optimal drink (26.1 \u00b1 37.4 min) and the placebo drink (19.6 \u00b1 32.0 min). No other measures of sleep, cognitive performance, postural sway, and subjective sleep quality were different between trials. Conclusion: A combination of ingredients, optimised to enhance sleep, significantly reduced sleep onset latency. No detrimental effects on sleep architecture, subjective sleep quality or next day performance were observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T09:24:56Z","timestamp":1598347496000},"page":"2579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Optimisation and Validation of a Nutritional Intervention to Enhance Sleep Quality and Quantity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1047-3878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shona L.","family":"Halson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo QLD 4014, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Performance Unit, Swimming Australia, Brisbane QLD 4519, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Versey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rowing Australia, Yarralumla ACT 2600, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean J.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Wayville 5034, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charli","family":"Sargent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Wayville 5034, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4005-1243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory D.","family":"Roach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Central Queensland University, Wayville 5034, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Nyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gatorade Sport Science Institute, PepsiCo Global Research and Development-Life Sciences, Purchase, NY 10577, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gatorade Sport Science Institute, PepsiCo Global Research and Development-Life Sciences, Purchase, NY 10577, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Baar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurobiology, Physiology &amp; Behavior and Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cirelli, C., and Tononi, G. 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