{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T21:28:27Z","timestamp":1792445307324,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Propolis has various pharmacological properties of clinical interest, and is also considered a functional food. In particular, hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis (HERP), together with its isoflavonoid formononetin, have recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, with known added value against dyslipidemia. In this study, we report the gastroprotective effects of HERP (50\u2013500 mg\/kg, p.o.) and formononetin (10 mg\/kg, p.o.) in ethanol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced models of rat ulcer. The volume, pH, and total acidity were the evaluated gastric secretion parameters using the pylorus ligature model, together with the assessment of gastric mucus contents. The anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of HERP were evaluated using the agar-well diffusion method. In our experiments, HERP (250 and 500 mg\/kg) and formononetin (10 mg\/kg) reduced (p &lt; 0.001) total lesion areas in the ethanol-induced rat ulcer model, and reduced (p &lt; 0.05) ulcer indices in the indomethacin-induced rat ulcer model. Administration of HERP and formononetin to pylorus ligature models significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.01) gastric secretion volumes and increased (p &lt; 0.05) mucus production. We have also shown the antioxidant and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of HERP. The obtained results indicate that HERP and formononetin are gastroprotective in acute ulcer models, suggesting a prominent role of formononetin in the effects of HERP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12102951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]],"date-time":"2020-09-27T22:24:42Z","timestamp":1601245482000},"page":"2951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Red Propolis and Its Dyslipidemic Regulator Formononetin: Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Gastroprotective Effects in Rat Model of Gastric Ulcer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Marcio A. A. de","family":"Mendon\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana R. S.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, S\u00e3o Crist\u00f3v\u00e3o CEP 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana K. de","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gislaine B.","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malone S.","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo L. C. de","family":"Albuquerque-J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"},{"name":"Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarete Z.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"},{"name":"Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5892-4252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francine F.","family":"Padilha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"},{"name":"Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara M.","family":"Thomazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, S\u00e3o Crist\u00f3v\u00e3o CEP 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ettore","family":"Novellino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5505-3327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonello","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6527-6612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Severino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"},{"name":"Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"},{"name":"Tiradentes Institute, 150 Mt Vernon St, Dorchester, MA 02125, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliana","family":"B. Souto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0357-4144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana C.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"},{"name":"Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju CEP 49032-490, Sergipe, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ito, F., Sono, Y., and Ito, T. (2019). Measurement and Clinical Significance of Lipid Peroxidation as a Biomarker of Oxidative Stress: Oxidative Stress in Diabetes, Atherosclerosis, and Chronic Inflammation. Antioxidants, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8030072"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.06.064","article-title":"Mediterranean essential oils as precious matrix components and active ingredients of lipid nanoparticles","volume":"548","author":"Carbone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. 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