{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T03:24:44Z","timestamp":1781925884866,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This Special Issue aims to examine the crucial role of nutritional status starting from pregnancy in modulating fetal, neonatal and infant growth and metabolic pathways, with potential long-term impacts on adult health. Poor maternal nutritional conditions in the earliest stages of life during fetal development and early life may induce both short-term and longer lasting effects; in particular, an increased risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and other chronic diseases such as obesity, which itself is a major risk factor for NCDs, is observed over the lifespan. Poor maternal nutrition affects the fetal developmental schedule, leading to irreversible changes and slowdown in growth. The fetus limits its size to conserve the little energy available for cardiac functions and neuronal development. The organism will retain memory of the early insult, and the adaptive response will result in pathology later on. Epigenetics may contribute to disease manifestation affecting developmental programming. After birth, even though there is a limited evidence base suggesting a relationship between breastfeeding, timing and type of foods used in weaning with disease later in life, nutritional surveillance is also mandatory in infants in the first year of life. We will explore the latest findings on nutrition in early life and term and preterm babies, as well as the role of malnutrition in the short- and long-term impact over the lifespan. Focusing on nutritional interventions represents part of an integrated life-cycle approach to prevent communicable and non-communicable diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T10:29:00Z","timestamp":1604485740000},"page":"3386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Nutritional Surveillance for the Best Start in Life, Promoting Health for Neonates, Infants and Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2137-5974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Calcaterra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cV. Buzzi\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5752-6199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hellas","family":"Cena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy"},{"name":"Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2111-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elvira","family":"Verduci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cV. Buzzi\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 20157 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Bosetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cV. Buzzi\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Pelizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science \u201cL. Sacco\u201d, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Unit, \u201cV. Buzzi\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2795-9874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gian Vincenzo","family":"Zuccotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cV. Buzzi\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, 20157 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science \u201cL. Sacco\u201d, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30311-8","article-title":"Before the beginning: Nutrition and lifestyle in the preconception period and its importance for future health","volume":"391","author":"Stephenson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-10616-4_4","article-title":"Early Life Nutrition and Non Communicable Disease","volume":"1121","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. 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Diet."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"143","article-title":"Lactancia materna y enfermedades cr\u00f3nicas no transmisibles en la vida adulta Breastfeeding and non-communicable diseases later in life","volume":"65","author":"Mazariegos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Lat. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.23736\/S0026-4806.19.06320-1","article-title":"Complementary feeding: New styles versus old myths","volume":"111","author":"DiPasquale","year":"2020","journal-title":"Minerva Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2020.105154","article-title":"Premature birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age and chronic non-communicable diseases in adult life: A systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"149","author":"Bueno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Early Hum. 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