{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:00:30Z","timestamp":1787029230023,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]],"date-time":"2020-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17\/566"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/566"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dietary patterns analyse combinations of foods eaten. This cross-sectional study identified dietary patterns and their nutrients. Associations between dietary patterns and socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were examined in older New Zealand adults. Dietary data (109-item food frequency questionnaire) from the Researching Eating, Activity and Cognitive Health (REACH) study (n = 367, 36% male, mean age = 70 years) were collapsed into 57 food groups. Using principal component analysis, three dietary patterns explained 18% of the variation in diet. Dietary pattern associations with sex, age, employment, living situation, education, deprivation score, physical activity, alcohol, and smoking, along with energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, were investigated using regression analysis. Higher \u2018Mediterranean\u2019 dietary pattern scores were associated with being female, higher physical activity, and higher education (p &lt; 0.001, R2 = 0.07). Higher \u2018Western\u2019 pattern scores were associated with being male, higher alcohol intake, living with others, and secondary education (p &lt; 0.001, R2 = 0.16). Higher \u2018prudent\u2019 pattern scores were associated with higher physical activity and lower alcohol intake (p &lt; 0.001, R2 = 0.15). There were positive associations between beta-carotene equivalents, vitamin E, and folate and \u2018Mediterranean\u2019 dietary pattern scores (p &lt; 0.0001, R2 \u2265 0.26); energy intake and \u2018Western\u2019 scores (p &lt; 0.0001, R2 = 0.43); and fibre and carbohydrate and \u2018prudent\u2019 scores (p &lt; 0.0001, R2 \u2265 0.25). Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were associated with dietary patterns. Understanding relationships between these characteristics and dietary patterns can assist in health promotion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]],"date-time":"2020-11-08T19:03:37Z","timestamp":1604862217000},"page":"3425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Dietary Patterns, Their Nutrients, and Associations with Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors in Older New Zealand Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5288-9364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Mumme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathryn","family":"Conlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6326-7501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela","family":"von Hurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrix","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2856-4962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Welma","family":"Stonehouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Biosecurity Business Unit, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2856-0782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne-Louise M.","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Coad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8153-0895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Crystal","family":"Haskell-Ramsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle NE1 8ST, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"de Seymour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2019). 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