{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T19:22:17Z","timestamp":1762543337278,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Ministry of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and Startups (MSS) and the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT)","award":["R&D, Project number P0009914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R&D, Project number P0009914"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cheongchunchal (CE) is a developed crop more highly enriched in cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (anthocyanin) than conventional waxy corn. Anthocyanin has been proven to have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-cancer effects. In this study, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Cheongchunchal was confirmed to contain 8.99 mg\/g anthocyanin. The inhibitory effect of an ethanol extract of Cheongchunchal (CE) on adipocyte differentiation was demonstrated using Oil Red O staining and a triglyceride assay. By conducting Western blotting, we also confirmed the regulatory effect of CE on adipocyte differentiation factors by assessing changes in the levels of factors that play a significant role in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. A C57BL\/6N mouse model of obesity was induced with a high-fat diet, and CE (400, 600, and 800 mg\/kg\/day) or Garcinia (245 mg\/kg\/day) was orally administered to verify the anti-obesity effect of CE. As a result of CE administration, the food efficiency ratio (FER), weight gain, and weight of tissues decreased. Additionally, blood biochemical changes were observed. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of CE on adipocytes was confirmed through morphological observation and the expression of adipocyte differentiation-related factors in the liver and fat tissues. Therefore, in this study, we verified the anti-obesity effects of anthocyanin-rich CE both in vitro and in vivo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T19:08:28Z","timestamp":1605121708000},"page":"3453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Anti-Obesity Effect of an Ethanol Extract of Cheongchunchal In Vitro and In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6816-068X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye Won","family":"Kawk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gun-He","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myeong Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Yong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Bio Technology, Shinansan University, Ansan 15435, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gi No","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmtech Korea LTD., 59, Munmakgongdan-gil, Munmak-eup, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26362, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, Daejeon 34054, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.02.165","article-title":"Fat cell turnover in humans","volume":"396","author":"Arner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem. 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