{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:26:22Z","timestamp":1793319982727,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,14]],"date-time":"2020-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III of Spain","award":["PI17\/01442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI17\/01442"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most frequent morbidity found in pregnancy, and it increases the risk for several maternal-fetal complications. Hispanic women are considered at high risk. The St. Carlos GDM prevention study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted from 2016\u20132017. Normoglycemic women were randomized at 12\u201314 Gestation week (WG) to an intervention group (IG) receiving recommendations based on the MedDiet (supplemented with ExtraVirgin Olive Oil\/pistachios), or to a control group (CG), recommended to limit fat intake. After RCT conclusion, IG recommendations were applied to a real-world group (RW) in routine clinical practice. The primary endpoint of the current study is an assessment of the GDM rate in Hispanic participants of the aforementioned studies: 132 RCT, 128 CT, 284 RW participants. The GDM rate was lower in IG: 19\/128(14.8%), p = 0.021, and RW: 38\/284(13.4%), p = 0.029) than in CG: 34\/132(25.8%). Adjusted RR (95%CI) for GDM: 0.72 (0.50\u20130.97), p = 0.037 in IG and 0.77 (0.61\u20130.97), p = 0.008 in RW. Rates of urinary tract infections, emergency caesarean-sections and perineal trauma were also lower in IG and RW. Other adverse outcomes were lower in IG vs. CG. In conclusion, a MedDiet-based intervention reduces the rate of GDM and several adverse maternal-fetal outcomes in Hispanic women residing in Spain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T11:04:20Z","timestamp":1605524660000},"page":"3505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Effect of a Mediterranean Diet-Based Nutritional Intervention on the Risk of Developing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Other Maternal-Fetal Adverse Events in Hispanic Women Residents in Spain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Melero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3546-9231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuria","family":"Garc\u00eda de la Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6217-3770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Assaf-Balut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6154-0869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"del Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Medicina 2 Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Bordi\u00fa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Medicina 2 Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4562-5381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna J.","family":"Valerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Medicina 2 Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A","family":"Herraiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicina 2 Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Izquierdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicina 2 Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Torrej\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Runkle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos and Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos (IdISSC), E 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Medicina 2 Department, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E 28040 Madrid, 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