{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:24:27Z","timestamp":1790115867949,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Council of Science &amp; Technology (Korea)","award":["G07090, G0810, G09130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G07090, G0810, G09130"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated the effects of the n-BuOH soluble fraction of Polygoni Cuspidati 80% ethanol extract (POCU1b) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), and insulin resistance (IR) to find a safe and more effective agent. HPLC profiling of POCU1b identified seven marker compounds. POCU1b increased glycerol release, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level, and inhibited phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity. Seven weeks of POCU1b treatment decreased body weight gain, weight and adipocyte size in fat tissues, serum lipids, and triglyceride and lipid droplets in the livers of HFD-fed rats. POCU1b improved blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, and impaired insulin secretion in the pancreas. Further, POCU1b ameliorated adiponectin, leptin, IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 levels, increased AMPK and p-ACC expression, activated CPT-1 activity, and suppressed FAS mRNA, SOCS-3 protein expression, and NF-\u03baB DNA-binding activity. When compared with the Xenical\u00ae-treated group, a positive group, the action of POCU1b on body weight was more effective than that of Xenical. POCU1b did not show side effects, such as oily spotting and loss of appetite. These results suggest that POCU1b possesses therapeutic or preventive potential for obesity, NAFL and IR via inhibitions of pancreatic lipase and cAMP-dependent PDE activity, AMPK activation, and SOCS-3 suppression, without oily spotting and loss of appetite.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T09:06:28Z","timestamp":1606208788000},"page":"3612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["POCU1b, the n-Butanol Soluble Fraction of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix, Attenuates Obesity, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver, and Insulin Resistance via Inhibitions of Pancreatic Lipase, cAMP-Dependent PDE Activity, AMPK Activation, and SOCS-3 Suppression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Junghyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7610-9887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chan-Sik","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyuhyung","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ik Soo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1248-9152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joo-Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Gachon University, 1342, Seongnamdaero, Gyeonggido 13120, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Sook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-9-42","article-title":"The role of hepatic fat accumulation in pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-4133","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness only in type 2 diabetic subjects with insulin resistance","volume":"99","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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