{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T02:55:15Z","timestamp":1789613715409,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]],"date-time":"2020-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14429,262140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14429,262140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD058818, R01HD043099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD058818, R01HD043099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is limited evidence about the inflammatory potential of diet in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the Children\u2019s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) from 5 to 11 years with adiposity and inflammatory biomarkers in Mexican children. We analyzed 726 children from a birth cohort study with complete dietary information and measurements to evaluate adiposity at 5, 7 and 11 y and 286 children with IL-6, hsCRP, leptin and adiponectin information at 11 y. C-DII trajectories were estimated using latent class linear mixed models. We used linear mixed models for adiposity and logistic and multinomial regression for biomarkers. In girls, each one-point increase in C-DII score was associated with greater adiposity (abdominal-circumference 0.41%, p = 0.03; skinfold-sum 1.76%, p = 0.01; and BMI Z-score 0.05, p = 0.01). At 11 y the C-DII was associated with greater leptin (34% \u2265 13.0 ng\/mL, p = 0.03) and hsCRP concentrations (29% \u2265 3.00 mg\/L, p = 0.06) and lower adiponectin\/leptin ratio (75% &lt; 2.45, p = 0.02). C-DII trajectory 3 in boys was associated with a 75.2% (p &lt; 0.01) increase in leptin concentrations and a 37.9% decrease (p = 0.02) in the adiponectin\/leptin ratio. This study suggests that the inflammatory potential of diet may influence adiposity in girls and the homeostasis of adipose tissue and chronic subclinical inflammation in 11-year-old children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,28]],"date-time":"2020-11-28T03:51:16Z","timestamp":1606535476000},"page":"3658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Pro-Inflammatory Diet Is Associated with Adiposity during Childhood and with Adipokines and Inflammatory Markers at 11 Years in Mexican Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5771-8780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Barrag\u00e1n-V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa Mar\u00eda Ahuacatitl\u00e1n, Cerrada los pinos y Caminera, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0302-4062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Carolina","family":"Ariza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa Mar\u00eda Ahuacatitl\u00e1n, Cerrada los pinos y Caminera, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivonne","family":"Ram\u00edrez Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa Mar\u00eda Ahuacatitl\u00e1n, Cerrada los pinos y Caminera, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilia Susana","family":"Pedraza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa Mar\u00eda Ahuacatitl\u00e1n, Cerrada los pinos y Caminera, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan A.","family":"Rivera Dommarco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Nutrition and Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa Mar\u00eda Ahuacatitl\u00e1n, Cerrada los pinos y Caminera, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3141-210X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Ortiz-Panozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Population Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa Mar\u00eda Ahuacatitl\u00e1n, Cerrada los pinos y Caminera, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Zambrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0397-6810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis A.","family":"Reyes Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubir\u00e1n, Mexico City C.P. 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Shivappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 241, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0677-2672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R.","family":"H\u00e9bert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 241, Columbia, SC 29208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reynaldo","family":"Martorell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1138-6458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aryeh D.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albino","family":"Barraza-Villarreal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Population Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa Mar\u00eda Ahuacatitl\u00e1n, Cerrada los pinos y Caminera, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Romieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Population Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Salud P\u00fablica, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa Mar\u00eda Ahuacatitl\u00e1n, Cerrada los pinos y Caminera, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico"},{"name":"Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1388-3178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Avila-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordinaci\u00f3n Auxiliar M\u00e9dica de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud, Delegaci\u00f3n Estatal Morelos, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelos C.P. 62000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usha","family":"Ramakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Rivera Dommarco, J.\u00c1., Colchero, M., Fuentes, M., Gonz\u00e1lez de Cos\u00edo Mart\u00ednez, T., Aguilar Salinas, C., Hern\u00e1ndez Licona, G., and Barquera, S. 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