{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T13:19:51Z","timestamp":1784035191055,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite abundant cross-sectional evidence that low vitamin D status is associated with risk of cognitive decline in ageing, interventional evidence for benefits of vitamin D supplementation is lacking. This study was a 6 month randomised, double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial of the effects of vitamin D3 (D3), enhanced vitamin D2 in a mushroom matrix (D2M), standard mushroom (SM) and placebo (PL) on cognition and mood in n = 436 healthy older male (49%) and female volunteers aged \u2265 60 years. Primary end points were change in serum vitamin D metabolites (25-OH-D, 25-OH-D2 and 25-OH-D3), cognitive performance, and mood over 24 weeks. Levels of total 25-OH-D and 25-OH-D3 were maintained in the D3 arm but decreased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) in the remaining arms (D2M, SM and PL). Analysis also revealed differential changes in these metabolites depending on total vitamin D status at baseline. There were no significant effects of treatment on any of the measures of cognitive function or mood. Overall, the results show that daily supplementation of ~600 IU of vitamin D3 was sufficient to maintain 25-OH-D throughout winter months, but in contrast to existing cross-sectional studies there was no support for benefit of vitamin D supplementation for mood or cognition in healthy elderly people.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T09:21:15Z","timestamp":1608110475000},"page":"3847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["The Effects of Vitamin D-Enriched Mushrooms and Vitamin D3 on Cognitive Performance and Mood in Healthy Elderly Adults: A Randomised, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ian T.","family":"Zajac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation\u2014Health and Biosecurity, P.O. Box 10041, Adelaide 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7832-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cavuoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation\u2014Health and Biosecurity, P.O. Box 10041, Adelaide 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Wittert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men\u2019s Health, North Terrace, Adelaide 5000, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manny","family":"Noakes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation\u2014Health and Biosecurity, P.O. 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