{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:53:09Z","timestamp":1793832789283,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,17]],"date-time":"2021-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FIS-ISCIII, P117\/02305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS-ISCIII, P117\/02305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of probiotic microorganisms in clinical practice has increased in recent years and a significant number of pregnant women are regular consumers of these products. However, probiotics might modulate the immune system, and whether or not this modulation is beneficial for perinatal outcomes is unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the reporting of perinatal outcomes in randomized controlled trials including women supplemented with probiotic microorganisms during pregnancy. We also analyzed the effects that the administration of probiotic microorganisms exerts on perinatal outcomes. In the review, 46 papers were included and 25 were meta-analyzed. Reporting of perinatal outcomes was highly inconsistent across the studies. Only birth weight, cesarean section, and weeks of gestation were reported in more than 50% of the studies. Random effects meta-analysis results showed that the administration of probiotic microorganisms during pregnancy did not have any a positive or negative impact on the perinatal outcomes evaluated. Subgroup analysis results at the strain level were not significantly different from main analysis results. The administration of probiotic microorganisms does not appear to influence perinatal outcomes. Nonetheless, future probiotic studies conducted in pregnant women should report probiotic strains and perinatal outcomes in order to shed light upon probiotics\u2019 effects on pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T03:34:25Z","timestamp":1611113665000},"page":"256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Reporting of Perinatal Outcomes in Probiotic Randomized Controlled Trials. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"\u00cd\u00f1igo Mar\u00eda","family":"P\u00e9rez-Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Andalusian Research, Development and Innovation Plan, CTS 367, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1814-5254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agust\u00edn","family":"Lasserrot-Cuadrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andalusian Research, Development and Innovation Plan, CTS 367, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds","family":"Gallo-Vallejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Rojas-Carvajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andalusian Research, Development and Innovation Plan, CTS 367, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6268-0975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"Aguilar-Cordero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andalusian Research, Development and Innovation Plan, CTS 367, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2001, January 1\u20134). 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