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Sarcopenia can be considered a biological substrate of physical frailty. Malnutrition and physical inactivity play a key role in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. We searched on Medline (PubMed) and Scopus for relevant literature published over the last 10 years and analyzed the strong correlation between frailty, sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases in elderly patient. In our opinion, a right food intake and moderate intensity resistance exercise are mandatory in order to better prepare patients undergoing cardiac operation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T03:34:02Z","timestamp":1612496042000},"page":"517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Role of Cachexia and Fragility in the Patient Candidate for Cardiac Surgery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6488-1965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Calogera","family":"Pisano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Polisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5393-1007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmela Rita","family":"Balistreri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Altieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4005-3110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Nardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Bertoldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Trombetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Asta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Sabrina","family":"Ferrante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Buioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calogero","family":"Foti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Ruvolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2011.09.017","article-title":"What is the frailty in elderly? 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