{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:54:18Z","timestamp":1790834058259,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018\/05485-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/05485-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finance Code 001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The increasing impact of obesity on global human health intensifies the importance of studies focusing on agents interfering with the metabolism and remodeling not only of the white adipose tissue (WAT) but also of the liver. In the present study, we have addressed the impact of n-3 PUFA in adipose cells\u2019 proliferation and adipogenesis, as well as in the hepatic lipid profile and morphology. Mice were induced to obesity by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. At the 9th week, the treatment with fish oil (FO) was initiated and maintained until the end of the period. The FO treatment reduced the animals\u2019 body mass, plasma lipids, glucose, plasma transaminases, liver mass, triacylglycerol, and cholesterol liver content when compared to animals consuming only HFD. FO also decreased the inguinal (ing) WAT mass, reduced adipocyte volume, increased adipose cellularity (hyperplasia), and increased the proliferation of adipose-derived stromal cells (AdSCs) which corroborates the increment in the proliferation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes or AdSCs treated in vitro with n-3 PUFA. After submitting the in vitro treated (n-3 PUFA) cells, 3T3-L1 and AdSCs, to an adipogenic cocktail, there was an increase in the mRNA expression of adipogenic transcriptional factors and other late adipocyte markers, as well as an increase in lipid accumulation when compared to not treated cells. Finally, the expression of browning-related genes was also higher in the n-3 PUFA treated group. We conclude that n-3 PUFA exerts an attenuating effect on body mass, dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis induced by HFD. FO treatment led to decreasing adiposity and adipocyte hypertrophy in ingWAT while increasing hyperplasia. Data suggest that FO treatment might induce recruitment (by increased proliferation and differentiation) of new adipocytes (white and\/or beige) to the ingWAT, which is fundamental for the healthy expansion of WAT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T02:35:23Z","timestamp":1613356523000},"page":"622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Prevent Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and Stimulate Adipogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8214-7716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitor Jac\u00f3","family":"Antraco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna Kelly Sousa","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8015-8278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jussara","family":"de Jesus Sim\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maysa Mariana","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane Sim\u00f5es","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta Dourado Cavalcante","family":"da Cunha de S\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Miranda","family":"Abdala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Armelin-Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5847-8080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Isabel Cardoso","family":"Alonso-Vale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12116","article-title":"Brown adipose tissue as an anti-obesity tissue in humans","volume":"15","author":"Chechi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obes. 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