{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T23:41:07Z","timestamp":1793230867066,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from KAKENHI","award":["JP24614001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24614001"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from KAKENHI","award":["18K08022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K08022"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009033","name":"Center of Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJCE1301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCE1301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with heart failure (HF), but the precise impact of dietary energy deficiency on HF patients\u2019 clinical outcomes is not known. We investigated the associations between inadequate calorie intake and adverse clinical events in 145 stable outpatients with chronic HF who had a history of hospitalization due to worsening HF. To assess the patients\u2019 dietary pattern, we used a brief self-administered diet-history questionnaire (BDHQ). Inadequate calorie intake was defined as &lt;60% of the estimated energy requirement. In the total chronic HF cohort, the median calorie intake was 1628 kcal\/day. Forty-four patients (30%) were identified as having an inadequate calorie intake. A Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis revealed that the patients with inadequate calorie intake had significantly worse clinical outcomes including all-cause death and HF-related hospitalization during the 1-year follow-up period versus those with adequate calorie intake (20% vs. 5%, p &lt; 0.01). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that inadequate calorie intake was an independent predictor of adverse clinical events after adjustment for various factors that may influence patients\u2019 calorie intake. Among patients with chronic HF, inadequate calorie intake was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and rehospitalization due to worsening HF. However, our results are preliminary and larger studies with direct measurements of dietary calorie intake and total energy expenditure are needed to clarify the intrinsic nature of this relationship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13030874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T04:01:25Z","timestamp":1615176085000},"page":"874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Impact of Inadequate Calorie Intake on Mortality and Hospitalization in Stable Patients with Chronic Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yoshikuni","family":"Obata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoya","family":"Kakutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2559-0054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shintaro","family":"Kinugawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arata","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5470-6648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Research and Medical Innovation Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7781-9482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shingo","family":"Takada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taisuke","family":"Ono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Kitami Red Cross Hospital, Kitami 090-8666, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Sota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rehabilitation, Tottori University Hospital, Tottori 683-8504, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5310-2017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshiharu","family":"Kinugasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashige","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Kushiro City General Hospital, Kushiro 085-0822, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisashi","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Keiwakai Ebetsu Hospital, Ebetsu 069-0817, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryuichi","family":"Matsukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Aortic Center, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka 810-0001, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ichiro","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Obihiro Kyokai Hospital, Obihiro 080-0805, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isao","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miyuki","family":"Tsuchihashi-Makaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31071-1","article-title":"Heart failure","volume":"390","author":"Metra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.02.024","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the relation of body 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ESPEN"}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/13\/3\/874\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:34:38Z","timestamp":1760160878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/13\/3\/874"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["nu13030874"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13030874","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]}}}