{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T22:26:46Z","timestamp":1787610406148,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Many patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) restrict dairy products to control their symptoms. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of lactose intolerance assessed with hydrogen breath test (H-BT) in IBD patients in clinical remission compared to a sex, age and BMI matched control population. We further detected the prevalence of three single nucleotide polymorphisms of the lactase (LCT) gene: the lactase non persistence LCT-13910 CC (wildtype) and the intermediate phenotype LCT-22018 CT and LCT-13910 AG; finally, we assess the correlation between genotype and H-BT. A total of 54 IBD patients and 69 control who underwent clinical evaluation, H-BT and genetic test were enrolled. H-BT was positive in 64.8% IBD patients and 62.3% control (p = 0.3). The wild-type genotype was found in 85.2% IBD patients while CT-22018, AG-13910 and CT-22018\/AG-13910 polymorphisms were found in 9.3%, 1.8% and 3.7%. In the control group, the wild-type genotype, CT-22018, AG-13910 and CT-22018\/AG-13910 polymorphisms were found in 87%, 5.8%, 5.8% and 1.4% of cases, respectively. Therefore, the wild-type and polymorphisms\u2019 prevalence did not differ between IBD population and control group (85.2% vs. 87%, p = 0.1) (14.8% vs. 13%, p = 0.7). The correlation between positive H-BT and genetic analysis showed that the wild-type genotype was associated with higher rate of lactose intolerance in the total population (OR 5.31, 95%CI 1.73\u201316.29, p = 0.003) and in the IBD (OR 7.61, 95%CI 1.36\u201342.7, p = 0.02). The prevalence of lactose intolerance in IBD patients did not differ from that of control. Despite suggestive symptoms, about 1\/3 of IBD patients are not lactose intolerant, thus not needing \u201ca priori\u201d elimination diet. This may encourage a rationale and balanced dietary management in IBD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T15:30:39Z","timestamp":1618414239000},"page":"1290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Lactose Intolerance Assessed by Analysis of Genetic Polymorphism, Breath Test and Symptoms in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Olga Maria","family":"Nardone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Manfellotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sequencing and Molecular Analyses Center, RIMAR Department, Stazione Zoologica A. Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80122 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"D\u2019Onofrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Rocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7806-6761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Annona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sequencing and Molecular Analyses Center, RIMAR Department, Stazione Zoologica A. Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80122 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0251-6102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Sasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4289-6784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasquale","family":"De Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sequencing and Molecular Analyses Center, RIMAR Department, Stazione Zoologica A. Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80122 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3230-6832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Imperatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, AORN Antonio Cardarelli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4328-5267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"de Sire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elio","family":"Biffali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sequencing and Molecular Analyses Center, RIMAR Department, Stazione Zoologica A. Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80122 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiana","family":"Castiglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.260","article-title":"Prevalence of symptoms meeting criteria for irritable bowel syndrome in inflammatory bowel disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"107","author":"Halpin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. 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