{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:23:48Z","timestamp":1791289428479,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008488","name":"Stiftelsen Alma och K. A. Snellman S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008488","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008723","name":"Suomen L\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005744","name":"Lastentautien Tutkimuss\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005744","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Valid and useful dietary assessment methods for adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are needed. In this study, we compared an image-based method with a written food diary for dietary intake estimation among adolescents with T1D and evaluated the adolescents\u2019 experiences of the methods. Adolescents with T1D aged 13 to 18 years (n = 13) photographed their meals (n = 264) with a mobile phone camera and simultaneously kept a written food diary for four consecutive days. The participants filled out electronic background and feedback questionnaires. The agreement between the methods was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland\u2013Altman plot analyses. The agreement between the methods was moderate to excellent for the energy intake (ICC = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66 to 0.97, p &lt; 0.001) and good to excellent for total carbohydrate intake (ICC = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.84 to 0.99, p &lt; 0.001). The adolescents considered photographing easier and faster than keeping a food diary. In conclusion, the image-based method appeared comparable to the food diary for dietary intake estimation among adolescents with T1D. The photographing of meals may become a useful dietary assessment tool for adolescents with T1D, but must be further developed and validated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T06:35:53Z","timestamp":1618814153000},"page":"1319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Agreement between an Image-Based Dietary Assessment Method and a Written Food Diary among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5621-7212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Heikkil\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., FI-90101 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marja","family":"Vanhala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., FI-90101 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3627-0542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raija","family":"Korpelainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., FI-90101 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4ivi","family":"Tossavainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland"},{"name":"PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Geissler, C., and Powers, H. (2011). Diabetes mellitus. Human Nutrition, Churchill Livingstone. [12th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Coulston, A., Boushey, C., and Ferruzzi, M. (2013). Dietary Assessment Methodology. Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease, Elsevier Inc."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2005798","article-title":"Dietary Intake Measurements","volume":"8","author":"Rutishauser","year":"2005","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/52.3.421","article-title":"Validity of Reported Energy Intake in Obese and Nonobese Adolescents","volume":"52","author":"Bandini","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/56.1.29","article-title":"Validation of Estimates of Energy Intake by Weighed Dietary Record and Diet History in Children and Adolescents","volume":"56","author":"Livingstone","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/67.5.905","article-title":"Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity as Assessed by the Doubly Labeled Water Method in Swedish Adolescents in Whom Energy Intake was Underestimated by 7-D Diet Records","volume":"67","author":"Bratteby","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2016.09.003","article-title":"Younger and Older Ages and Obesity are Associated with Energy Intake Underreporting but Not Overreporting in Japanese Boys and Girls Aged 1-19 Years: The National Health and Nutrition Survey","volume":"36","author":"Murakami","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20041169","article-title":"Issues in Dietary Intake Assessment of Children and Adolescents","volume":"92","author":"Livingstone","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980010003794","article-title":"Adolescents in the United States can Identify Familiar Foods at the Time of Consumption and when Prompted with an Image 14 H Postprandial, but Poorly Estimate Portions","volume":"14","author":"Schap","year":"2011","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2010.07.008","article-title":"A Systematic Review of the Validity of Dietary Assessment Methods in Children when Compared with the Method of Doubly Labeled Water","volume":"110","author":"Burrows","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Diet. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.3.895S","article-title":"Markers of the Validity of Reported Energy Intake","volume":"13","author":"Livingstone","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2009.10.010","article-title":"Evidence-Based Development of a Mobile Telephone Food Record","volume":"110","author":"Six","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Diet. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vasiloglou, M.F., Mougiakakou, S., Aubry, E., Bokelmann, A., Fricker, R., Gomes, F., Guntermann, C., Meyer, A., Studerus, D., and Stanga, Z. (2018). A Comparative Study on Carbohydrate Estimation: GoCARB Vs. Dietitians. Nutrients, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10060741"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ladyzynski, P., Krzymien, J., Foltynski, P., Rachuta, M., and Bonalska, B. (2018). Accuracy of Automatic Carbohydrate, Protein, Fat and Calorie Counting Based on Voice Descriptions of Meals in People with Type 1 Diabetes. Nutrients, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10040518"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665116002913","article-title":"New Mobile Methods for Dietary Assessment: Review of Image-Assisted and Image-Based Dietary Assessment Methods","volume":"76","author":"Boushey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.08.002","article-title":"Validity of Image-Based Dietary Assessment Methods: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"39","author":"Ho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.53.109","article-title":"The Application of a Handheld Personal Digital Assistant with Camera and Mobile Phone Card (Wellnavi) to the General Population in a Dietary Survey","volume":"53","author":"Kikunaga","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.344","article-title":"Validity of the Remote Food Photography Method (RFPM) for Estimating Energy and Nutrient Intake in Near Real-Time","volume":"20","author":"Martin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2015.05.006","article-title":"Validity of Energy Intake Estimated by Digital Photography Plus Recall in Overweight and Obese Young Adults","volume":"115","author":"Ptomey","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Acad. Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4897","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7064897","article-title":"Evaluation of a Mobile Phone Image-Based Dietary Assessment Method in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"7","author":"Rollo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"1160","article-title":"Feasibility and Relative Validity of a Digital Photo-Based Dietary Assessment: Results from the Nutris-Phone Study","volume":"22","author":"Prinz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2009.12","article-title":"Validation of Photographic Food Records in Children: Are Pictures really Worth a Thousand Words?","volume":"63","author":"Higgins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2011.02.004","article-title":"Convergent Validity of a Digital Image-Based Food Record to Assess Food Group Intake in Youth","volume":"111","author":"Matthiessen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Diet. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davison, B.K., Quigg, R., and Skidmore, P.M.L. (2018). Pilot Testing a Photo-Based Food Diary in Nine- to Twelve- Year Old- Children from Dunedin, New Zealand. Nutrients, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10020240"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21931","article-title":"Validity of the Remote Food Photography Method Against Doubly Labeled Water among Minority Preschoolers","volume":"25","author":"Nicklas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Validity of Technology-Based Dietary Assessment Methods in Childhood and Adolescence: A Systematic Review","volume":"61","author":"Kouvari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2008.65","article-title":"Use of Technology in Children\u2019s Dietary Assessment","volume":"63","author":"Boushey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Lehtisalo, J., Lindstr\u00f6m, J., Nieminen, R., and Paturi, M. (2014). Annoskuvakirja Ruokap\u00e4iv\u00e4kirjan T\u00e4ytt\u00e4misen Tueksi, Juvenes Print Oy\u2014Suomen Yliopistopaino Oy. [3th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Nissinen, K., Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4, H., Korkalo, L., Roos, E., and Erkkola, M. (2016). Annoskuvakirja Lasten Ruokam\u00e4\u00e4rien Arviointiin, Dieettimedia Oy. [2th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2018.26","article-title":"Accuracy in the Estimation of Children\u2019s Food Portion Sizes Against a Food Picture Book by Parents and Early Educators","volume":"7","author":"Nissinen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602758","article-title":"Accuracy in the Estimation of Food Servings Against the Portions in Food Photographs","volume":"62","author":"Ovaskainen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chiropr. Med."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2010.515603","article-title":"New Finnish Growth References for Children and Adolescents Aged 0 to 20 Years: Length\/Height-for-Age, Weight-for-Length\/Height, and Body Mass Index-for-Age","volume":"43","author":"Saari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J.S., Hsieh, R.H., Tung, Y.T., Chen, Y.H., Yang, C., and Chen, Y.C. (2019). Evaluation of a Technological Image-Based Dietary Assessment Tool for Children during Pubertal Growth: A Pilot Study. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11102527"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509990602","article-title":"Misreporting of Energy and Micronutrient Intake Estimated by Food Records and 24 Hour Recalls, Control and Adjustment Methods in Practice","volume":"101","author":"Poslusna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508027438","article-title":"A Novel Method to Remotely Measure Food Intake of Free-Living Individuals in Real Time: The Remote Food Photography Method","volume":"101","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/13\/4\/1319\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:48:53Z","timestamp":1760161733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/13\/4\/1319"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["nu13041319"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13041319","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]}}}