{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T23:46:46Z","timestamp":1790984806053,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MAJOR PUBLIC HEALTH PROJECT","award":["131031107000160007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["131031107000160007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We evaluated the iodine nutritional status and related factors among school-age children based on the 2016 National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Women; 3808 children from Hebei, Guangxi, and Zhejiang province were included in the study. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), body mass index (BMI), vitamin A (VA), and vitamin D (VD) were measured. The abnormal rate of UIC and TSH were assessed. Relationships between UIC\/TSH and the possible factors were analyzed. The overall median UIC was 185.14 \u00b5g\/L, and the median UIC of children aged 8\u201310 was 164.60 \u00b5g\/L. Prevalence of iodine deficiency and excess was 13.84% and 14.36%, respectively, and 12.87% of children showed TSH excess. UIC, as well as the abnormal rates of iodine deficiency (ID) and TSH, were significantly different among the three provinces. The median UICs and excess rates increased with age, reaching 211.45 \u00b5g\/L and 21.35% at age of 14~, while TSH showed the opposite trend. Overweight children tended to have lower UIC and higher TSH. Higher UIC and TSH were found in VA sufficient group (p &lt; 0.01). Further, the VD deficient group had a higher TSH compared to the sufficient group (p &lt; 0.01). Moreover, UI and TSH distribution was obviously different among different vitamin A\/D status (p &lt; 0.05). Although the median UIC of school-age children was optimal, there were pockets of inadequate and excessive UI in the three provinces. Compared to the national IDD monitoring results in 2014, the iodine nutritional status of children was greatly improved. Considerations of region, age, BMI, VA, or VD are needed in the future iodine evaluation and surveillance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13051404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T04:20:17Z","timestamp":1619065217000},"page":"1404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Iodine Nutritional Status and Related Factors among Chinese School-Age Children in Three Different Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"School of Public Health, University of South China, 28 Changsheng West Road, Hengyang 421001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lichun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 18 Jinzhou Road, Nanning 530028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiulan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control, 18 Jinzhou Road, Nanning 530028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deqian","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lichen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing 100050, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61005-3","article-title":"Iodine-deficiency disorders","volume":"372","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"WHO (2021, January 16). 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Abstr., 41.","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.41.EP972"}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/13\/5\/1404\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:51:03Z","timestamp":1760161863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/13\/5\/1404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["nu13051404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13051404","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]]}}}