{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:00:42Z","timestamp":1787029242113,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin B6 from plant foods may have lower bioavailability than vitamin B6 from animal foods, but studies on objectively measured vitamin B6 status among vegetarians compared to non-vegetarians are lacking. Thus, the vitamin B6 status among vegetarians, but also pescatarians, and flexitarians, compared to meat-eaters was assessed in the population-based NHANES study (cycles 2007\u20132008 and 2009\u20132010). Data on serum pyridoxal-5\u2032-phosphate (PLP) and 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as well as dietary intakes from 24-h recalls were available for 8968 adults aged 20\u201380 years. Geometric mean (\u00b1standard error) PLP concentrations were 58.2 \u00b1 6.0, 52.1 \u00b1 3.7, 49.2 \u00b1 4.6 and 51.0 \u00b1 1.1 nmol\/L among vegetarians, pescatarians, flexitarians, and meat-eaters. The 4-PA concentrations were 32.7 \u00b1 4.0, 29.0 \u00b1 2.5, 34.8 \u00b1 5.6 and 33.0 \u00b1 0.7, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in PLP, 4-PA, and their ratio across the groups in multivariable linear regression models. Overall, the use of vitamin B6 supplements was the strongest predictor of the vitamin B6 status, followed by the dietary vitamin B6 intake. Interestingly, several other covariates were significantly associated with vitamin B6 biomarker levels, particularly serum albumin, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase, and should be considered when assessing the vitamin B6 status. In summary, our findings suggest that a vegetarian diet does not pose a risk for vitamin B6 deficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13051627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T22:46:14Z","timestamp":1620859574000},"page":"1627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Vitamin B6 Status among Vegetarians: Findings from a Population-Based Survey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Paula","family":"Schorgg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Till","family":"B\u00e4rnighausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2215-1200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabine","family":"Rohrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aedin","family":"Cassidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Food Security, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5284-6612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nena","family":"Karavasiloglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tilman","family":"K\u00fchn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Global Food Security, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000224","article-title":"Health Risks Associated with Meat Consumption: A Review of Epidemiological Studies","volume":"85","author":"Baumer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. 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