{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:39:50Z","timestamp":1792805990952,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Regional Goverment of Andalusia","award":["P12-AGR-2581"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P12-AGR-2581"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01jem9c82","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"University of Granada","award":["PP2017-PIP14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PP2017-PIP14"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04njjy449","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports","award":["FPU17\/03715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU17\/03715"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03nc27g21","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to assess the influence of the Mediterranean Diet adherence and physical activity (PA) on body composition, with a particular focus on bone health, in young patients with celiac disease (CD). The CD group (n = 59) included children with CD with a long (&gt;18 months, n = 41) or recent (&lt;18 months, n = 18) adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). The non-celiac group (n = 40) included non-celiac children. After adjusting for potential confounders, the CD group showed lower body weight (p = 0.034), lean mass (p = 0.003), bone mineral content (p = 0.006), and bone Z-score (p = 0.036) than non-celiac children, even when the model was further adjusted for adherence to a GFD for at least 18 months. Among CD children, spending greater time in vigorous physical activity was associated with higher lean mass (p = 0.020) and bone mineral density with evidence of statistical significance (p = 0.078) regardless of the time they followed a GFD. In addition, a greater Mediterranean Diet adherence was associated with a higher bone Z-score (p = 0.020). Moreover, lean mass was strongly associated with bone mineral density and independently explained 12% of its variability (p &lt; 0.001). These findings suggest the importance of correctly monitoring lifestyle in children with CD regarding dietary habits and PA levels to improve lean mass and, consequently, bone quality in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13051636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T03:28:36Z","timestamp":1620962916000},"page":"1636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Influence of Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Celiac Children on a Gluten-Free Diet"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9573-3244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Nestares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u201cJos\u00e9 MataixVerd\u00fa\u201d (INYTA), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0113-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Mart\u00edn-Masot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"de Teresa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andalusia Sport Medicine Centre, 18007 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Bonillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Spain Maternal and Child Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8256-5053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Flor-Alemany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u201cJos\u00e9 MataixVerd\u00fa\u201d (INYTA), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Sport and Health University Research Institute (IMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2867-378X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Aparicio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Sport and Health University Research Institute (IMUDS), 18007 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000523","article-title":"Incidence of Celiac Disease Is Increasing over Time: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"115","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. 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