{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T19:12:14Z","timestamp":1778785934396,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,22]],"date-time":"2021-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19K18657"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K18657"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Plasma albumin (ALB) reflects protein nutritional status in rats, but it is not clear whether it is associated with dietary protein insufficiency in pregnant women and\/or their risk of low birth weight delivery. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal serum ALB redox state reflects maternal protein nutritional status and\/or is associated with infant birth weights. Methods: The relationship between the serum reduced ALB ratio and infant birth weight was examined in an observational study of 229 Japanese pregnant women. A rat model simulating fetal growth restriction, induced by protein-energy restriction, was used to elucidate the relationship between maternal nutritional status, maternal serum ALB redox state, and birth weight of the offspring. Results: In the human study, serum reduced ALB ratio in the third trimester was significantly and positively correlated with infant birth weight. In the rat study, serum reduced ALB ratio and birth weight in the litter decreased as the degree of protein-energy restriction intensified, and a significant and positive correlation was observed between them in late pregnancy. Conclusions: Maternal serum reduced ALB ratio in the third trimester is positively associated with infant birth weight in Japanese pregnant women, which would be mediated by maternal protein nutritional status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13061764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T00:01:20Z","timestamp":1621814480000},"page":"1764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Maternal Serum Albumin Redox State Is Associated with Infant Birth Weight in Japanese Pregnant Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1586-6419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuaki","family":"Wada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness &amp; Nutrition Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Ehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness &amp; Nutrition Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1075-655X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuka","family":"Tabata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness &amp; Nutrition Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Komatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness &amp; Nutrition Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirohisa","family":"Izumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness &amp; Nutrition Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satomi","family":"Kawakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness &amp; Nutrition Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Food and Medical Innovation Promotion, Institute for the Promotion of Business-Regional Collaboration of Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiwamu","family":"Noshiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8648, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Umazume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8648, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness &amp; Nutrition Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., 5-1-83 Higashihara, Zama, Kanagawa 252-8583, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.01.049","article-title":"Low birth weight: Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of maternal immunization safety data","volume":"35","author":"Cutland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2012.01848.x","article-title":"Gestational bodyweight gain among underweight Japanese women related to small-for-gestational-age birth","volume":"38","author":"Harita","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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