{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T23:50:45Z","timestamp":1776815445259,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH-funded Emory Specialized Center of Research Excellence in Sex Differences","award":["U54AG062334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54AG062334"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Food addiction (FA) is a dysregulated eating pattern characterized by difficulties in controlling the intake of certain foods. There is an overlap in physical and mental health correlates of FA and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of this study was to examine sex differences in the rates of positive FA status in individuals with threshold\/subthreshold PTSD, and to examine sex differences in the physical and mental health correlates of FA. Methods: Post-9\/11 veterans\/service members seeking PTSD treatment were recruited. Participants were diagnosed with PTSD via the administration of a clinical interview. FA status was determined using Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale-2, binary sex and body mass index were assessed with demographics questions. Results: Nearly half (43%) of the sample were women. There were no sex differences in the rates of FA, with an overall FA prevalence of 18%. There were no sex differences in FA symptom count in the whole sample (M = 1.63) or those with FA status (M = 6.21). Individuals with FA reported higher frequency of disordered eating, higher severity of PTSD, and depression symptoms. Conclusions: FA should be assessed in tandem with PTSD symptoms, as its prevalence in that sample is higher than in the general population, and it appears to affect both sexes at similar rates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13061840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T23:16:46Z","timestamp":1622157406000},"page":"1840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Investigating Sex Differences in Rates and Correlates of Food Addiction Status in Women and Men with PTSD"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Monika M.","family":"Stojek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Sciences, University of Silesia, 40-007 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Lipka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Sciences, University of Silesia, 40-007 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica M.","family":"Maples-Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"Emory Healthcare Veterans Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"Grady Trauma Project, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9686-4011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheila A. M.","family":"Rauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"Emory Healthcare Veterans Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"Emory Healthcare Veterans Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2531-923X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Michopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"Grady Trauma Project, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA"},{"name":"Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara O.","family":"Rothbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"Emory Healthcare Veterans Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2008.12.003","article-title":"Preliminary validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale","volume":"52","author":"Gearhardt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2515","article-title":"Development of the Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale Version 2.0","volume":"25","author":"Schulte","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. 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