{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T07:59:49Z","timestamp":1790495989201,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A probiotic formulation combining Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell\u00ae-52, Bifidobacterium infantis Rosell\u00ae-33, and Bifidobacterium bifidum Rosell\u00ae-71 with fructooligosaccharides, first commercialized in China, has been sold in over 28 countries since 2002. Clinical studies with this blend of strains were conducted mainly in pediatric populations, and most were published in non-English journals. This comprehensive review summarizes the clinical studies in infants and children to evaluate the efficacy of this probiotic for pediatric indications. Literature searches for pediatric studies on Biostime\u00ae or Probiokid\u00ae (non-commercial name) in 6 international and Chinese databases identified 28 studies, which were classified by indications. Twelve studies show that the probiotic significantly increases the efficacy of standard diarrhea treatment regardless of etiology, reducing the risk of unresolved diarrhea (RR 0.31 [0.23; 0.42]; p &lt; 0.0001) by 69%. In eight studies, the probiotic enhanced immune defenses, assessed by levels of various immune competence and mucosal immunity markers (six studies), and reduced the incidence of common infections (two studies). The probiotic improved iron deficiency anemia treatment efficacy (three studies), reducing the risk of unresolved anemia by 49% (RR 0.51 [0.28; 0.92]; p = 0.0263) and significantly reducing treatment side effects by 47% (RR 0.53 [0.37; 0.77]; p = 0.0009). Other studies support further investigation into this probiotic for oral candidiasis, eczema, feeding intolerance in premature babies, or hyperbilirubinemia in newborns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13061908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T23:07:03Z","timestamp":1622588823000},"page":"1908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Efficacy of a Multi-Strain Probiotic Formulation in Pediatric Populations: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Annie","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Lallemand Health Solutions Inc., 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC H4P2R2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Lallemand Health Solutions Inc., 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC H4P2R2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Colee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFAS Statistical Consulting Unit, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110500, Gainesville, FL 32611-0500, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2990-2265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Tompkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Lallemand Health Solutions Inc., 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC H4P2R2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2017.08.004","article-title":"Intestinal Lactobacillus in health and disease, a driver or just along for the ride?","volume":"49","author":"Heeney","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. 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