{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:05:48Z","timestamp":1791911148796,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Elderly women exhibit a high risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but no definitive data exist about the possible role of postmenopausal increases in visceral adiposity, the loss of lean body mass, or decreases in the sum of the lean mass of arms and legs (appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM)). This retrospective, longitudinal study investigated whether body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis) predicted the development of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or T2D in a cohort of 159 elderly women (age: 71 \u00b1 5 years, follow-up: 94 months) from southern Italy (Clinical Nutrition and Geriatric Units of the \u201cMater Domini\u201d University Hospital in Catanzaro, Calabria region, and the \u201cP. Giaccone \u201dUniversity Hospital in Palermo, Sicily region). Sarcopenia was defined in a subgroup of 128 women according to the EWGSOP criteria as the presence of low muscle strength (handgrip strength &lt;16 kg) plus low muscle mass (reported as appendicular skeletal muscle mass &lt;15 kg). Participants with a low ASMM had a higher IFG\/T2D incidence than those with a normal ASMM (17% vs. 6%, p-adjusted = 0.044); this finding was independent of BMI, fat mass, waist circumference, and habitual fat intake (OR = 3.81, p = 0.034). A higher incidence of IFG\/T2D was observed in the subgroup with sarcopenia than those without sarcopenia (33% vs. 7%, p-adjusted = 0.005) independent of BMI and fat mass (OR = 6.75, p = 0.007). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that elderly women with low ASMM had a higher probability of developing IFG\/T2D. Further studies are needed to confirm these results in men and in other age groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13061909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T10:38:39Z","timestamp":1622630319000},"page":"1909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Sarcopenia and Appendicular Muscle Mass as Predictors of Impaired Fasting Glucose\/Type 2 Diabetes in Elderly Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4245-8373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carola","family":"Buscemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Postgraduate Specialization School in Geriatrics, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, AOU Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvelise","family":"Ferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Pujia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3198-7090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Mazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giada","family":"Boragina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Sciacqua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1781-0902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Piro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Postgraduate Specialization School in Geriatrics, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arturo","family":"Pujia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1618-7688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Sesti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina clinica e molecolare, Universit\u00e0 la Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0730-7649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvio","family":"Buscemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, AOU Policlinico \u201cP. Giaccone\u201d, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7048-5830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiziana","family":"Montalcini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Magna Grecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1979.03290450033020","article-title":"Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. The Framingham Study","volume":"241","author":"Kannel","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. 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