{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:26:20Z","timestamp":1791915980957,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union's 7th Framework Programme","award":["FP7\/2007\u20132013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7\/2007\u20132013"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FS\/17\/71\/32953"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/17\/71\/32953"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP-0407-10452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP-0407-10452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000306","name":"Tommy's Baby Charity","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pregnancy can alter a woman\u2019s weight gain trajectory across the life course and contribute to the development of obesity through retention of weight gained during pregnancy. This study aimed to identify modifiable determinants associated with postpartum weight retention (PPWR; calculated by the difference in pre-pregnancy and 6 month postpartum weight) in 667 women with obesity from the UPBEAT study. We examined the relationship between PPWR and reported glycaemic load, energy intake, and smoking status in pregnancy, excessive gestational weight gain (GWG), mode of delivery, self-reported postpartum physical activity (low, moderate, and high), and mode of infant feeding (breast, formula, and mixed). At the 6 month visit, 48% (n = 320) of women were at or above pre-pregnancy weight. Overall, PPWR was negative (\u22120.06 kg (\u221242.0, 40.4)). Breastfeeding for \u22654 months, moderate or high levels of physical activity, and GWG \u22649 kg were associated with negative PPWR. These three determinants were combined to provide a modifiable factor score (range 0\u20133); for each added variable, a further reduction in PPWR of 3.0 kg (95% confidence interval 3.76, 2.25) occurred compared to women with no modifiable factors. This study identified three additive determinants of PPWR loss. These provide modifiable targets during pregnancy and the postnatal period to enable women with obesity to return to their pre-pregnancy weight.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13061979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T04:22:22Z","timestamp":1623212542000},"page":"1979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Modifiable Determinants of Postpartum Weight Loss in Women with Obesity: A Secondary Analysis of the UPBEAT Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0958-6725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn V.","family":"Dalrymple","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children\u2019s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onome","family":"Uwhubetine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children\u2019s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8438-1506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela C.","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children\u2019s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"},{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dharmintra","family":"Pasupathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children\u2019s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"},{"name":"Westmead Reproduction and Perinatal Medicine Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette L.","family":"Briley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children\u2019s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"},{"name":"College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2007-9647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie A.","family":"Relph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children\u2019s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul T.","family":"Seed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children\u2019s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majella","family":"O\u2019Keeffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK"},{"name":"School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucilla","family":"Poston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children\u2019s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King\u2019s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation (2019, August 13). 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