{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T16:34:26Z","timestamp":1778171666899,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"French government\u2019s IDEX-ISITE initiative","award":["16-IDEX-0001 (CAP 20-25)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-IDEX-0001 (CAP 20-25)"]}]},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 di Milano","award":["Fondi del Piano di Sviluppo di Ricerca 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Fondi del Piano di Sviluppo di Ricerca 2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic Mg2+ deficiency is the underlying cause of a broad range of health dysfunctions. As 25% of body Mg2+ is located in the skeletal muscle, Mg2+ transport and homeostasis systems (MgTHs) in the muscle are critical for whole-body Mg2+ homeostasis. In the present study, we assessed whether Mg2+ deficiency alters muscle fiber characteristics and major pathways regulating muscle physiology. C57BL\/6J mice received either a control, mildly, or severely Mg2+-deficient diet (0.1%; 0.01%; and 0.003% Mg2+ wt\/wt, respectively) for 14 days. Mg2+ deficiency slightly decreased body weight gain and muscle Mg2+ concentrations but was not associated with detectable variations in gastrocnemius muscle weight, fiber morphometry, and capillarization. Nonetheless, muscles exhibited decreased expression of several MgTHs (MagT1, CNNM2, CNNM4, and TRPM6). Moreover, TaqMan low-density array (TLDA) analyses further revealed that, before the emergence of major muscle dysfunctions, even a mild Mg2+ deficiency was sufficient to alter the expression of genes critical for muscle physiology, including energy metabolism, muscle regeneration, proteostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, and excitation\u2013contraction coupling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T11:01:38Z","timestamp":1624532498000},"page":"2169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Magnesium Deficiency Alters Expression of Genes Critical for Muscle Magnesium Homeostasis and Physiology in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Dominique","family":"Bayle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UNH, Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Coudy-Gandilhon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNH, Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marine","family":"Gueugneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNH, Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8785-9891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Castiglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Universit\u00e0 di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0728-6676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Zocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Universit\u00e0 di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2734-3321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Maj-Zurawska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, PL-02-089 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Palinska-Saadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, PL-02-089 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Mazur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNH, Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"B\u00e9chet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNH, Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeanette A.","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Universit\u00e0 di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Universit\u00e0 di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e05390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05390","article-title":"Going to the roots of reduced magnesium dietary intake: A tradeoff between climate changes and sources","volume":"6","author":"Cazzola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Magnesium and elderly patient: The explored paths and the ones to be explored: A review","volume":"32","author":"Corsonello","year":"2019","journal-title":"Magnes. 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