{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:30:50Z","timestamp":1791599450282,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]],"date-time":"2021-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Special needs schools (SNS) educate children and young people with major neurological disabilities who are at high risk of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and malnutrition (MN). We aimed to assess the prevalence of OD, MN, dehydration (DH), and oral health (OH) in students at an SNS. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at SNS L\u2019Arbo\u00e7, Catalonia, Spain. We assessed (a) demographics, health status, comorbidities, and gross motor function classification system (GMFCS), (b) swallowing function, oral-motor evaluation, masticatory capacity, and EDACS classification for eating and drinking abilities, (c) nutritional and DH status (anthropometry, bioimpedance and dietary records), and (d) OH (Oral Hygiene Index Simplified). Results: A total of 33 students (mean age 13.3 years; 39.4% level V of GMFCS) were included. Main diagnosis was cerebral palsy at 57.6%. All students presented OD, 90.6% had impaired safety, 68.7% were at levels II\u2013III of EDACS, and 31.3% required PEG; furthermore, 89.3% had chronic MN, 21.4% had acute MN, 70% presented intracellular DH, and 83.9% presented impaired OH. Conclusion: MN, DH, OD, and poor OH are highly prevalent conditions in students with cerebral palsy and other neurological disabilities and must be specifically managed through nutritional and educational strategies. The multidisciplinary team at SNS should include healthcare professionals specifically trained in these conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]],"date-time":"2021-07-14T10:13:42Z","timestamp":1626257622000},"page":"2413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Assessment of Swallowing Disorders, Nutritional and Hydration Status, and Oral Hygiene in Students with Severe Neurological Disabilities Including Cerebral Palsy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Alicia","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unitat d\u2019Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Matar\u00f3, 08304 Matar\u00f3, Spain"},{"name":"Unitat de Diet\u00e8tica i Nutrici\u00f3, Hospital de Matar\u00f3, 08304 Matar\u00f3, Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08035 Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unitat d\u2019Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Matar\u00f3, 08304 Matar\u00f3, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salut Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viridiana","family":"Arreola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unitat d\u2019Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Matar\u00f3, 08304 Matar\u00f3, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salut Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie A.","family":"Riera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unitat d\u2019Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Matar\u00f3, 08304 Matar\u00f3, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Pizarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Period\u00f2ncia, Facultat d\u2019Odontologia de Barcelona UIC, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vall\u00e8s, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Carol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola l\u2019Arbo\u00e7, Fundaci\u00f3 El Maresme, 08301 Matar\u00f3, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laia","family":"Serras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unitat de Suport T\u00e8cnic, Fundaci\u00f3 El Maresme, 08301 Matar\u00f3, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0696-8560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pere","family":"Clav\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unitat d\u2019Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Matar\u00f3, 08304 Matar\u00f3, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salut Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 de Recerca en Gastroenterologia (Furega), 08008 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"National Organization for Rare Disorders Cerebral Palsy (2019, May 15). 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